506 MASS. BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 



ture of 1847, the wine gallon, wine quart, wine pint, and wine 

 half-pint, are enumerated as the standard liquid measures to be 

 used in this Commonwealth, and that any person who shall 

 presume to sell by any other liquid measures than these, and 

 which shall be sealed, shall forfeit and pay a sum not exceed- 

 ing twenty dollars for every such offence, one half to the use 

 of the town where the offence is committed, and one half to 

 the complainant. 



The statutes of the Commonwealth recognizing no liquid 

 measures but wine measures, it is evident that no others can be 

 legally used in the sale of milk. And we recommend, there- 

 fore, that sealed wine measures be invariably required to be 

 used by the competitors for premiums, who make returns of 

 the produce of their cows in milk. In this way will our agri- 

 cultural societies exert an important influence in introducing 

 uniformity in the admeasurement of milk, and in aiding to 

 carry into effect the laws of the Commonwealth. 



For the Committee, ALLEN W. DODGE. 



Neat Cattle. 



Your committee have been instructed to report upon all 

 kinds of live stock, but as it is apparent to them, that they can- 

 not even approach towards the performance of their duty, where 

 the field is so broad, they have judged it best to confine their 

 remarks to a single race, that of neat cattle. When we con- 

 sider the various breeds and vast number and value of cattle in 

 our country, it is apparent that much more might be said upon 

 this subject alone, than can be embraced in this report. 



By the census of 1840, the number of cattle in the country, 

 Avas about 15 millions. At this period, their number must be 

 18 to 20 millions. Let us consider the vast augmentation of 

 agricultural wealth which might be produced by an average 

 improvement of one dollar in each animal, — and this and even 

 much more may, in the judgment of your committee, be done, 

 — a small portion only of the wealth thus gained, would suffice 

 to extend that agricultural education to the sons of the farmer, 

 which they need and require, and thus exhibit with enlight- 



