82 MASSACHUSETTS AGRICULTURE. 



HIGHLAND. 



Statement of M. J. Smith. 



Carrots. — Crop of 1863, grass and fodder corn ; used sheep 

 manure, six loads of twenty-two bushels each. Crop of 1864, 

 grass and carrots ; used sheep manure, six loads of twenty-two 

 bushels each. 1865, ploughed three times, eight inches deep ; 

 dragged twice and ridged at a cost of $-4 ; applied nine loads of 

 manure, spread and ploughed in ; sowed in drills June 1st. 

 Cost of sowing and one-half pound of seed, $2.50 ; hoed three 

 times and thinned at a cost of 810 ; harvested November 1st to 

 November 12th. Cost of harvesting, $6 ; tops equal to the 

 value of harvesting. M. J. Smith, Competitor. 



From personal observation, I hereby certify that the above 

 answers are true. From actual measurement, I hereby certify 

 that the land the above crop of carrots covered contained 40 

 rods and no more. I hereby certify that the weight of the 

 above crop, as ascertained by me, on the 12th day of November 

 wias 10,000 pounds. Samuel Smith, Committee. 



PLYMOUTH. 



A PRIZE ESSAY ON ROOT CULTURE. 

 » 



BY EDWARD A. SAMUELS. 



Root culture comprehends the cultivation of all those plants 

 whose roots are valuable for food ; the different varieties of 

 mangold wurzel, ruta-baga or Swedish turnip, white turnip, 

 carrot, parsnip, potato, artichoke and onion, are included under 

 this head, all of which possess nutritive qualities, some to an 

 extraordinary degree. The three latter-named roots are not 

 generally spoken of in connection with root culture, as field 

 crops for stock food, and they will therefore not be treated of 

 otherwise than incidentally, in the present paper. 



Perhaps among all the roots cultivated for stock feeding, the 

 mangolds occupy the most eminent position, both on account of 

 their enormous yield, and their value for stock food. There are 

 six well established varieties, all of which have marked charac- 

 teristics. They are called Orange Globe, Deep Orange Globe, 

 Long Red, Long Yellow, Red Globe and Sugar Beet. Of these 



