vi PREFACE 



This text is designed to prepare the student to undertake these steps. 

 As with any text, much is necessarily left to the instructor, particularly 

 matters of opinion and of local application. 



Finally, it hardly need be said that this text is intended for students 

 of college grade. It is not a manual on how to grow fruit; it does not 

 attempt to enter fields best covered by classroom discussion, laboratory 

 work or practical experience. It is intended, however, to be a supple- 

 ment and guide to these. 



The writers wish to express their appreciation of the helpful criticisms 

 and suggestions offered by those to whom portions of this manuscript 

 have been submitted: to Dr. M. M. McCool of the Michigan Agricultural 

 Experiment Station (the Section on Water Relations); to Dr. William 

 Crocker of the University of Chicago and to Dr. E. J. Kraus of the 

 University of Wisconsin (the Section on Nutrition) ; to Dr. W. H. Chand- 

 ler of Cornell University (Chapters 14-18, dealing with Winter Injury); 

 to Dr. O. M. Stewart, Professor of Physics in the University of Missouri 

 and to George Reeder of the U. S. Weather Bureau (Chapters 19 and 20 

 on Frost Occurrence and Control) ; to Prof. Ray Roberts of the University 

 of Wisconsin (the Section on Pruning) ; to Dr. M. J. Dorsey of the Uni- 

 versity of Minnesota (the Section on Fruit Setting) ; to Prof. W. P. Tufts 

 of the University of California, to Dr. J. K. Shaw of the Massachusetts 

 Agricultural Experiment Station and to Paul C. Stark of the Stark Bros. 

 Nursery Co. (the Section on Propagation) ; to Prof. Roy E. Marshall of 

 the Michigan Agricultural College and to Prof. W. P. Tufts of the Uni- 

 versity of Cahfornia (Chapters 34 and 35 on Orchard Locations and 

 Soils); finally to Dr. C. V. Piper. Many valuable criticisms and sug- 

 gestions have been incorporated in the text. In a few instances the 

 writers have believed themselves justified in adhering to their original 

 interpretations of the evidence, so that these authorities who have 

 assisted the writers very materially are not to be held responsible for 

 any part of the book in its present form. 



Acknowledgment is made also to Prof. C. E. Shuster of the Oregon 

 Agricultural Experiment Station for Figures and to Dr. J. K. Shaw of the 

 Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station for Figure 56. 



Columbia, Mo. The AUTHORS. 



August, 1921. 



