402 FUNDAMENTALS OF FRUIT PRODUCTION 



and their new shoots form both terminal and lateral buds on shoots or on 

 older wood. 



The almond, apricot, plumcot, the Japanese and American plums, the 

 sour cherry, the currant and the gooseberry have a fruiting habit which is 

 a combination of that of the peach on the one hand and the sweet cherry 

 on the other. They bear in both ways, though certain varieties may 

 show a greater tendency in the one direction or the other. As a rule, 

 frmt-bud production on shoots gradually gives way to production on 

 spurs as the plants become older and less vigorous. Supernumerary fruit 

 buds are produced freely at the nodes of the long vigorous shoots of Japanese 

 and American plums and in the currant and gooseberry. 



•a 



ti^ 



Figs. 43-45. — Diagrams showing (from left to right) bearing habits of sweet cherry, 

 raspberry and grape. 



The kumquat (Citrus Japonica) and the northern pawpaw (Asimina triloba) 

 differentiate their flower buds in the axils of the leaves on long shoots of the 

 current season and the following season these buds give rise to leafless inflores- 

 cences. This bearing habit corresponds to that of the sweet cherry, except that 

 production of the flower buds is on long rather than on short growths. 



Group V. — Fruit buds borne laterally, unfolding to produce leafy 

 shoots that terminate in flower clusters. 



The blackberry, raspberry, dewberry and their hybrids form fruit 

 buds either on primary shoots that come up from their crowns or roots 

 each year, or on their secondary lateral shoots (see Fig. 44). These 

 flower buds develop into leafy shoots with terminal inflorescences and 

 individual flowers or flower clusters in the leaf axils. In most varieties 

 the entire cane dies after bearing and growth is continued by the forma- 

 tion of new canes springing from the crown or roots. 



In the unopened flower bud of the grape (see Fig. 45), the inflores- 

 cence is terminal to a leafy shoot also within the bud, like that of the 

 raspberry and blackberry. As the bud opens, however, the bud in the 

 axil of the topmost leaf of this developing shoot unfolds and continues 

 the growth of the shoot. This results in pushing the flower cluster to 

 one side so that the inflorescence appears lateral and opposite a leaf. 

 Several flower clusters are formed terminally at successive intervals on 



