GROWING AND FRUITING HABITS 



403 



the same shoot and in turn are crowded to one side and hence to appar- 

 ently lateral positions. As a rule only certain branches or canes of the 

 grape bear lateral buds that differentiate flower parts. These branches 

 or canes usually arise from buds near the base or in the median portion 

 of bearing shoots. What appears to be the bud or "eye" of the grape 

 really consists of two or three buds within the one; a well developed 

 central shoot and one or two less highly developed lateral growing points. 

 In case the central bud develops prematurely and is killed by frost, its 

 place may be taken by another of the group. Occasionally the grape 

 produces flowering shoots from latent or adventitious buds. 



In the filbert, which has no ti-ue terminal buds, some of the more 

 apical lateral buds develop into short leafy shoots ending in clusters of 

 pistillate flowers (see Fig. 46). Other lateral buds grow out into dwarf 

 shoots, which are without normal-sized leaves, are branched and really 

 constitute the male inflorescences. These remain dormant until winter 

 or early spring when they open to discharge their pollen. At the base 



Figs. 46-48. — Diagrams showing (from left to right) bearing habits of filbert, chestnut 

 and walnut. In filbert and walnut B equals pistillate flower buds, C equals staminate 

 flower buds; M equals male catkins. 



they may have resting buds which give rise to vegetative or pistillate 

 flower-bearing shoots the following year. 



The cashew nut {Anacardium) and the Brazil nut (Bertholletia) also bear 

 terminally on shoots from lateral buds. 



In the cherimoya, pond-apple, sour-sop, sugar-apple and various other 

 Anonaceous fruits the fruit buds are borne laterally and the inflorescences 

 terminally, with the growth of the flowering shoots proceeding much as in the 

 grape. Here the flowers and fruits appear to be between nodes, or extra-axillary. 

 Not infrequently they develop on short spur-like branches. 



In the blueberries the inflorescences develop both terminally and in 

 the axils of leaves on new shoots springing from lateral buds. This bear- 

 ing habit is a combination of the typical concHtions found in Groups V 

 and VI as here classified. Ordinarily there are no true terminal buds in 

 this group but if terminal buds are formed they are usuallj^ fruit buds. 

 In Vaccinimn atrococcum the flowering shoot has no foliage. Fruit bud 

 differentiation apparently takes place in late fall in the axils of leaves 

 near the end of the shoot. 



