404 FUNDAMENTALS OF FRUIT PRODUCTION 



The European cranberry {Vaccinium oxycoccus), litchi {Nephelium litchi) 

 and sea-grape {Coccoloba iwifera) have similar bearing habits. 



Group VI. — Fruit buds borne laterall}^ (or pseudoterminally), unfold- 

 ing to produce leafy shoots with flower clusters in the leaf axils. 



In the persimmon any lateral bud and not infrequently adventitious 

 or dormant buds on 2-year-old or older wood, may become a fruit bud. 

 The following year these unfold and form leafy shoots with solitary 

 pistillate or with clusters of staminate flowers in the axils of the more 

 basal leaves. The male and female flowers may be borne on the same 

 tree or on different trees. 



The mulberry has a similar bearing habit, except that both pistillate 

 and staminate flowers are usually borne on the same flowering shoot. 

 The male flowers are formed in the axils of the more basal leaves and the 

 pistillate flowers in the axils of higher leaves. 



In the American cranberry {Vaccinium macrocar'pon) the flowering 

 shoots arise from lateral buds on the creeping vegetative branches. The 

 flowers are borne singly in the leaf axils. 



The chestnut, chinquapin, oak and beech have very similar bearing 

 habits (see Fig. 47). The pseudoterminal or more apical lateral 

 buds, when they differentiate flower parts, give rise to shoots in the axils 

 of the leaves. Male catkins appear in the lower axils and female, or 

 mixed male and female, clusters above them. Sometimes dwarf shoots 

 arise from the basal buds in the chestnut and produce male catkins only 

 in the leaf axils. True terminal buds are sometimes formed in the oak 

 and beech and these may be fruit buds. In the beech there are short 

 spur-like growths which have no lateral buds except a single pseudo- 

 terminal bud. This is never a flower bud. 



The fig bears lateral fruit buds. Its pseudoterminal bud, which is usually 

 larger than the others, is generally vegetative. Frequently more than one 

 bud is formed in a leaf axil and they appear in pairs, side by side. The fruits are 

 formed singly in the leaf axils. The fig can bear three (or more, according to 

 some authorities) distinct crops in a year. 



In the avocado the lateral flower buds give rise to flowering shoots in which 

 the inflorescences are in the axils of the more basal leaves. 



The pistachio {Pistacia vera) and star apple {Chrijsophyllum) have a similar 

 bearing habit and the olive, which has been mentioned as belonging in Group 

 III, might as readily be included here, since it produces lateral as well as terminal 

 flower buds. 



In the jujube {Zizyphus jujube) several flowering branches may arise at a 

 single node. Solitary flowers are borne in the leaf axils of these branches. After 

 the ripening of the fruit the leaves and fruit fall off and finally the entire branch 

 falls. Buds for the following crop are differentiated on strictly vegetative 

 branches. There is thus a definite dimorphism of branches in this species, the 

 fruiting branches being deciduous and not forming a part of the permanent 

 framework of the tree. 



