676 FUNDAMENTALS OF FRUIT PRODUCTION 



Latent Bud. — A bud, usually concealed, more than one year old, which may remain 



dormant indefinitely or may develop under certain conditions. 

 Lecithin. — A fat-soluble compound containing nitrogen and phosphorus. 

 Locule. — The cavity of an anther or ovary. 

 Mamme. — One of the crops of the caprifig or "male" fig, the first to mature in the 



spring. The fruits of this crop winter over as comparatively large specimens. 

 Mammoni. — One of the crops of the caprifig or "male" fig, which sets in June and 



matures in late summer. 

 Millerandage. — A condition in the grape where the ovary persists but the seeds 



remain small or do not attain usual size; produced by conditions similar to tJiose 



that lead to coulure. 

 Monoecious. — The stamens and pistils in separate flowers but borne on the same 



individual. 

 Nucleic Acid. — Phosphorus-containing acids, usually combined with protein in all cell 



nuclei. 

 Nucleins. — Phosphorus-containing compounds of nucleic acid with protein. 

 Osmosis. — Diffusion through a membrane. 



Parthenocarpy. — The production of fruit without true fertilization. 

 Parthenogenesis. — The development of the unfertilized egg into the usual product of 



fertilization without a preceding union of gametes. 

 Pedicel. — The support of a single flower of an inflorescence. 

 Peduncle. — The support of an inflorescence or a flower stalk. 

 Pentosan. — A polysaccharide that yields five-carbon sugars on hydrolysis. 

 Perennation. — A lasting state, referring particularly to the persistance of fruit long 



after its usual season of maturity. 

 Perfect. — Hermaphrodite flowers. 

 Picoline. — A basic derivative of pyridine. 

 Pollination. — The placing of pollen on the stigmatic surface. 

 Pollinium. — A pollen mass consisting of all the pollen grains of an anther locule. 

 Polyembryony. — The production of more than one embryo in an ovule. 

 Polygamo-dioecious. — With hermaphrodite and unisexual flowers on different 



individuals of the same species. 

 Polygamous. — With hermaphrodite and unisexual flowers. 

 Polysaccharide. — A carbohydrate which yields a large but indefinite number of 



simple sugars on hydrolj^sis; usually colloids. 

 Polyterpenes. — Compounds which yield an indefinite number of simple hemiterpene 



units on distillation; ex. caoutchouc, balata. 

 Profichi. — One of the crops of the caprifig or "mele" fig, the second to mature in the 



spring. The fruits of this crop appear as small buttons in the late fall or early 



winter. 

 Proliferation. — A rapid and repeated production of new parts, as the formation of 



leafy parts from floral parts. 

 Protandry. — The pollen being discharged before the pistils are receptive. 

 Protogyny. — The pistils receptive before the anthers have ripe pollen. 

 Pseudo-hermaphrodite. — Functional unisexuality in the presence of apparently well 



developed stamens and pistils. 

 Purines. — A group of nitrogenous organic compounds such as uric acid, xanthine and 



caffein. 

 Pyridine. — A nitrogenous base which is the nucleus of many organic compounds, for 



example nicotine. 

 Pyrimidines. — A group of basic nitrogenous compounds related to the purines and 



found as products of nucleic acid cleavage. 

 Quinone. — An oxidation product of benzene. 



