FARMS. 133 



pliospliatc and poudrctte, but tise none now, preftM'ing ashes to 

 any of tlicni. 



The manure from my horse stable is thrown into tlic hog- 

 yard, which is under cover, and mixed with a liberal quantity 

 of muck or loam, and the wash from the house, — especially the 

 night soil, — thus making a large quantity of first rate manure. 

 My winter-made manure is wholly applied in the spring, when 

 I return to the barnyard a liberal supply of muck or loam, 

 taking care that there be a sufficient quantity to absorb all the 

 droppings from the cattle during the summer, while in the 

 yard, whicli is mostly covered with a roof. My stables are so 

 constructed that the urine runs back to the rear of the stable, 

 where it settles into a large quantity of loam under the floor. 

 During the warm part of the year, if any unpleasant scent 

 arises from my yard around the buildings, I immediately apply 

 a fresh supply of earth, with occasionally a dressing of gypsum. 

 In this way at the end of the year, I find myself in possession 

 of a large quantity of excellent manure. 



I seed to grass by two methods; one by sowing on winter rye 

 grounds very early in the spring ; the other by removing the 

 corn from the ground when cut up, ploughing and harrowing 

 the same, then sowing the seed — using eight quarts Timothy 

 with ten pounds of western clover to the acre, harrowing or 

 bushing in. Had I wet ground, I should plough after haying, 

 and when dry spread on a coat of compost, and harrow in the 

 seed. 



My team work is done with one horse, except ploughing, for 

 which I use two. The whole of my land is adjacent to my 

 buildings. 



I have fattened four swine, making 1,020 lbs. of pork, feeding 

 upon a mixture of one-half corn, one-eighth rye, the rest broom 

 seed, together with the milk and slops from the kitchen. 



My fodder, except straw, with most of the grain, is spent on 

 the place. For its consumption I add to my summer stock, 

 cows that are to come in the following spring, which I find the 

 most profitable stock I can keep. 



The amount of farm products for the present year, when not 

 weighed or measured, is derived from the estimate of two dis- 

 interested neighbors, valued at what it would fetch if sold on 

 the place. Also the rent of the dwellings, garden, and keep- 



