FARMS. 93 



ited quantities that they are a luxury, beyond the reach of many 

 of the laboring classes. This state of things should no longer 

 exist. And we urge upon all owners of land special attention 

 to those crops which are required in the markets of our manu- 

 facturing and commercial towns. We trust, moreover, that the 

 competition among small farms deroted to this object will in- 

 crease, and that committees will hereafter be called upon to 

 examine and report upon numerous entries of this description. 



The only farm entered for premium this year is the estate of 

 Dr. E. G. Kelley, of Newburyport. The careful management 

 and cultivation of this tract of land (about sixteen acres,) were 

 a source of great gratification to the Committee, as an illustra- 

 tion of the ample reward which a skilful cultivator of trees and 

 fruits will receive, even in a few years, and of the advantage to 

 be derived from proper preparation of the soil, and from the 

 destruction of weeds, and the appropriate use of fertilizers. 



The following statement of Dr. Kelley gives a clear and ad- 

 mirable account of the processes to which we have referred : — 



Statement of E. G. Kelley. 



In presenting a farm foV premium, the following are the 

 printed conditions : " For the best conducted and most improved 

 farm, taking into view the entire management and cuMvation, 

 including lands, buildings, fences, orchards, crops, stock and all 

 other appendages, with statements in detail relating thereto." 



Oar management and cultivation of lands has been to under- 

 drain about six acres with tiles, transported chiefly from Albany, 

 N. Y., and laid more than three feet deep on an average ; to 

 surface-drain five acres not admitting of tile draining ; to sub- 

 soil two acres twenty-two inches deep ; to trench three feet 

 deep, four acres in all, at different times, as labor could be 

 spared from other work ; and for some years the trenching was 

 being done nearly all winter. 



Hundreds of loads of clay have been moved to divers places, 

 and thousands of loads of sand and yellow loam have been 

 carted on to and mixed with clayey soil, or used for top-dress- 

 ing or for levelling and grading. The land thus worked has 

 been so much improved as to produce almost anything in per- 

 fection adapted to the climate. 



Cultivation on this place having been decidedly bad for more 



