238 MASSACHUSETTS AGRICULTURE. 



become solid, then some more may be fitted in and so on till the 

 whole is done. 



Should it however become absolutely necessary to repair a 

 piece of road in dry weather, the place where the new macadam 

 is to be deposited must be loosened up with a pick, then the 

 new material put on and a solid top formed by the judicious use 

 of stone dust or other binding material and sprinkling with water 

 and pounding down with tlie shovel, or by what may be called 

 " puddling " until the whole be solid. Should a frost or very 

 dry weather occur immediately after macadam has been put on 

 the road in wet weather so that the same will not join on the 

 rest of the road surface, the whole must be removed, cleaned 

 and returned to the storage heaps for future use. A layer of 

 macadam over the whole road should never be put on, without 

 treating it immediately afterwards in the manner described above 

 for building new roads, that is, mixing in binding material with the 

 top course and rolling it in wet weather or after sprinkling. 



The road-keeper is naturally also the person to see to the 

 proper delivery on the part of the contractors, if such there be, 

 of the road material in the prescribed places and to attend to 

 the measuring of the same. 



In short and to sum up, it is his business to keep the road in 

 good order, and with proper men and surveillance the desired 

 result is achieved easily and at a less cost, than by any other 

 system. The quantity of macadam required to keep a certain 

 length of road in repair varies very much ; it depends as we have 

 seen on the care with which the repairs are made, naturally also 

 on the kind of stone used and on the amount of travel over the 

 road. For a width of road^twenty feet, the average quantities 

 required per year to keep a length of ten feet in repair, on the 

 system of continuous repairs, has been given as follows : — 



Cubic ft. Cubic yds. 



1. Good material and heavy travel, .... 15-20 = .55-.74 



2. Good material and medium amount of travel, . . 10-15 = .37-.55 



3. Good material and light travel, 5-10 =: .18-.37 



4. Medium material and heavy travel, .... 20-25 = .74-.92 



5. Medium material and medium amount of travel, . • 15-20 = .55-.74 



6. Medium material and light travel, .... 10-15 =. .37-.55 



7. Third rate material and heavy travel, .... 25-30 = .92-1.01 



8. Third rate material and medium amount of travel, . 20-25 = .74-.92 



9. Third rate material and light travel, .... 15-20 = .55-.74 



