608 SELECTIONS FROM ADDRESSES. 



ward, in the nursery row, so that its soft end shall be prepared 

 to receive moisture. The freezing of the first winter will split 

 this shell, causing the tree to commence its growth with its 

 germ in the right position, and with its cotyledons at or above 

 the surface of the ground. At the proper season it may be 

 budded, and after the growth of this bud the original stalk 

 above the bud may be removed. When at sufficient age for 

 removing from the nursery, take it up with care without break- 

 ing the roots. Do not pull it up so as to disengage a large 

 number of its fibres, leaving them in the ground. Remove the 

 branches, leaving it as a simple staff. The reasons for this are 

 numerous. While in the nursery row, it will be found to form 

 more branches toward the next rows than toward the next 

 trees in the same row— there being most room and air between 

 the rows, therefore the tree is out of balance. In placing it in 

 its new location with all the branches on, an immense surface 

 would be left for the evaporation of moisture before the root is 

 established for its reception, ' and an unhealthy growth will 

 ensue ; therefore, all these branches should be removed, cut 

 close to the tree, and with a very sharp knife. 



In placing the tree in its new location,»dig a large, deep hole, 

 and do not return to this hole the subsoil removed from it, but 

 fill it with the surface soil from its immediate vicinity, replacing 

 this surface soil with the subsoil taken from the hole, thus permit- 

 ting it to receive the influences of sun and air, and to become 

 surface soil by time. This hole should be three feet in diameter 

 and four feet deep. Do not plunge the tree up and down 

 when putting in the soil, nor enter it any deeper than when 

 growing in the nursery row. Indeed it should be one inch 

 higher out of the ground to compensate for the settling of the 

 soil during the first season. A stream of water passed down 

 its trunk will arrange the soil among its roots more completely 

 than any other means. If the upper roots near the tree be 

 covered with soil, or the soil be piled up fOr an inch or two 

 around the trunk, new roots will start from the outer surface, 

 and old ones will die, causing the pith in the centre of the tree, 

 for a few inches above the surface of the ground, to turn brown. 

 For each old root that dies some limb will decay, and the 

 peach worm will enter at the soft spots in the bark near the 

 root crown. When the earth is kept away from the trunk, and 



