JOHN S. GOULD'S ADDRESS. 627 



alone is to be provided by the manure, we may safely assume, 

 that when once the soil is brought into a proper state, 25 tons 

 of manure will be sufficient to maintain its fertility for the 

 corn crop. 



Although we may replace all the elements of a corn crop, 

 with the exception of the chlorine, by hog or cow manure, yet 

 many of these elements may be given to the soil more cheaply, 

 and in a state better fitted for assimilation, in the form of 

 mineral manures, such as lime, potash, gypsum, nitrate of 

 soda, etc. But a discussion of these topics would swell this 

 already too tedious Address to a length which would be insup- 

 portable. It therefore only remains for me to remark, in con- 

 clusion, that there is a great variety of species of Indian corn, 

 each of which differs greatly from the rest, in the amount of 

 organic and inorganic matter which it derives from the soil, 

 and also in the chemical character of the grains. Some of the 

 species are adapted to making muscle, others to making 

 fat. They differ, too, widely in the length of time they 

 require in coming to maturity. For example, the small eight- 

 rowed yellow Canada corn was ripe in 108 days from the time 

 it was planted, while the Rocky Mountain variety requires 140 

 days. There is also a difference in the weight of corn, of dif- 

 ferent varieties, on an acre. Thus 10 lbs. 12 oz. of Long Island 

 corn grow on a given space, while 15 lbs. 2 oz. of the large 

 twelve-rowed red variety grow on the same space of a precisely 

 similar soil. The late large white flint corn yields 2.4 tons of 

 grain to the. acre, on the same soil \vhere the large twelve- 

 rowed yellow Sioux yields 3.5 tons to the acre. The large 

 eight-rowed yellow corn contains 13.9 per cent of albumen, 

 caseine and gluten, while the Sioux contains 16.5 per cent, of 

 these substances. The latter is, therefore, most profitable as 

 food for working oxen or horses, because it is the nitrogenized 

 substances which go to repair the waste of muscle. The 

 eight-rowed Squaw corn contains of starch, sugar, oil and gum, 

 (which are the fat making portions of the grain,) 60.6 percent., 

 while the eight-rowed small white flint corn contains 76.6 per 

 cent, of those substances. If, therefore, we wish to use corn 

 for fattening cattle or hogs, the latter is far more valuable. If 

 the Squaw corn is worth 50 cents per bushel, the flint would 

 be equally cheap at 58 cents per bushel. Each of these 



