Vt TABLE OP CONTENTS. 



DIVISION n. THE STRUCTURE OF THE PLANT AND OFFICES 

 OF ITS ORGA.NS. 



CHAP. I. GENERALITIES 241 



Organism, Organs 242 



CHAP. IL PRIMARY ELEMENTS OF ORGANIC STRUCTURE 24:; 



1. The Vegetable Cell 243 



$2. Vegetable Tissues 254 



CHAP. III. VEGETATIVE ORGANS 256 



1 . The Root 256 



( Mlices of Root 260 



Apparent Search for Food 263 



Contact of Roots with Soil 266 



Absorption by Root 269 



Soil Roots, Water Roots, Air Roots 273 



2. The Stem 2*2 



Buds 283 



Layers, Tillering 286 



Root-stocks 287 



Tubers 288 



Structure of the Stem 289 



Endogenous Plants 290 



Exogenous Plants : 2!i 



Sieve-cells 303 



3. Leaves 306 



Leaf Pores 309 



Exhalation of Water Vapor 311 



Offices of Foliage 314 



CHAP. IV. REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS 315 



1. The Flower 316 



Fertilization 319 



Hybridizing 324 



Species. Varieties 326 



2. Fruit 330 



Seed 332 



Embryo 333 



3. Vitality of seeds and their influence on the Plants 



they produce 335 



Duration of Vitality 335 



Use of old and unripe seeds ;j:{8 



Density of seeds 339 



Absolute weight of seeds 340 



Signs of Excellence 345 



Ancestry. Race-vigor 346 



DIVISION III. LIFE OF THE PLANT. 

 CHAP. 1. GERMINATION 349 



i. Introductory 349 



2. Phenomena of Germination 350 



3. Condi t inns of Germination 351 



Proper Depth of Sowing 355 



4. Chemical Physiology of Germi nation. 357 



Chemistry uf .Malt.' 358 



CHAP. II. 1. Food of the I'lant when independent of the Seed :;<; 



2. The. Juices of the Plant. Their Nat lire and .Movement s:;ii! 



Flow of Sap 370 



Composition of Sap 376 



Kinds of Sap 378 



Motion of Nutrient Matters 379 



3. Causes of Motion of the Juices :K~> 



Porosity of Tissues :ix:> 



1 111 tii I >it ion 3; 



Liquid Diffusion :VM 



Osmose or Membrane Diffusion :I3 



Root Act ion ,S!t<( 



Selective Power of Plant 4111 



4. Mechanical effects of Osmose 406 



APPENDIX. 

 TABLE. Composit ion of Agricultural Products 409 



