REWARD AND PUNISHMENT IN HABIT FORMATION 



255 



jects trained with an electric shock of one hundred and fifty 

 units and the curve marked forty-eight hours is based on the 

 average number of errors for subjects trained with hunger of 

 forty-eight hours, and-so-on for the other curves. Figure 4 shows 

 the relative values of different strengths of electric shock, the 

 relative values of different degrees of hunger and the relative 

 values of both electric shock and hunger in the learning process. 



TABLE 8 

 Results with hunger of thirty-one hours 



