312 CARL W. BOCK 



the sum of two or more coefficients of the type a 1} a 2 , a 3 , etc., 

 where a iy o 2 , a*, etc., are of the order a and definable as this one 

 has been defined. Thus a peculiar difference obtains between 

 the observers R and S. Where R beats but a single type group a, 

 (22) and its multiples or physiological multiples, and beats these 

 relatively very frequently, S beats several of the type a, as a if 

 a 2 , a 3 , etc. but does not beat any of these with nearly the high 

 frequencies obtainable in R. Whether or not the coefficients 

 aij 0,2, 0,3, etc., can themselves be defined in lower terms, or in 

 terms of a coefficient a is insignificant for present purposes. It 

 is only significant that such coefficients exist, and that the 

 groups they represent are functional entities in terms of which a 

 large number of other groups can be defined. As previously 

 stated, there can be but little question that if a present relation 

 does not obtain between the above type groups, a genetic rela- 

 tionship does obtain which would mean that these groups perhaps 

 once had a common ancestor functionally considered. 



7. The coefficient z. The general coefficient 2' will usually 

 represent all groups that are not capable of analysis as indi- 

 cated in the previous sections of this study. It may be inter- 

 esting to point out why it will not always be possible to analyze 

 the totality of any given series of groups, and why there will 

 be found certain individuals whose groups will be generally not 1 

 capable of analysis. 



The chief reason why this must be so is that the environ- 

 ment even in the best controlled experiments will play its cus- 

 tomary role in modifying behavior of any kind and particularly 

 the habits under present discussion. The present writer took 

 only the most general precautions to insure a more or less con- 

 stant environment for the reason that it is generally quite im- 

 possible to realize even the faintest approximation to this ideal ex- 

 cept where observers are totally devoid of all senses and memory, 

 which would make them worthless for our purposes, but more so 

 because such conditions, whether realized either wholly or in 

 part, are so unnatural and so unusual that they themselves 

 constitute one of the gravest sources of stimulation, and con- 

 stantly condition corresponding modifications of their habits, 



