82 BRIGHT ON GRAPE CULTURE. 



and arborS; by burying tlie carcasses of animals, slangliter- 

 liouse offal, hog manure, and other material of a similar 

 character under the roots of vines, is now, we presume 

 abandoned by all intelligent persons who have kept pace 

 with the progress in horticulture. Even bone-dust is 

 not now placed beneath the roots, though it may be, to 

 some extent, mixed vnth the soil of borders and vine- 

 yards. But as to nitrogenous compounds, stable manure, 

 slaughter-house offal, guano, &c., it is better that they 

 should not be mixed largely with the soil, in planting a 

 vineyard, unless it be very poor, nor indeed should they 

 be thus applied around or beneath the roots of any fruit- 

 bearing plant or tree, at the time of planting. 



The grape requires ammonia, or ammoniacal manures, 

 such as we have mentioned, but they should be applied 

 late in the fall in the vineyard, or in early spring, as we 

 have directed for pot culture. You may manure your 

 vineyard annually, in the fall, as you would a field of 

 wheat, and fork it into the soil; or you may mix the 

 ammoniacal substance in your special compost, as we 

 have done in the Grape Fertilizer. 



After ammonia,- comes pJiosphoric acid, or phosphate 

 of lime, as a special manure for the grape. This should 

 be, not in the form of crude bones, or bone-earth, or 

 bone-dust, but in the form of soluble super-phosphate of 

 lime. Vast sums of money have been wasted by the 

 application of crude bones and bone-dust to vineyards. 

 Even finely ground bones will scarcely decompose and 

 yield up their phosphoric acid to the grape roots in the 



