48 VITIS, OR 



wards. Each good vine ought to bear from 30 to 60 clus- 

 ters of grapes, weighing from 5 to 15lbs. 



38. The rows must run north and south, so as to have 

 the full advantage of the rising and setting sun, or else 

 from north east to soutli west, so as to be better shelter- 

 ed from those winds which with us bring sudden rains 

 and storms, while the first protect the others from the 

 bleak vernal north west wind. 



39. When rows and vines are crowded, nothing can 

 grow besides in tlie vineyards ; but 3000 vines in one 

 acre, if only producing 5lbs. each, may give 1000 gal- 

 lons of wine. While, when kept remote, many crops 

 can be raised in the intervals, such as potatoes, turnips, 

 beans, &c. It is a prejudice to think this injurious to 

 the vines : it is not so, provided the crops are such as 

 require previous ploughing and do not shade the vines. 



40. But different grapes must not be planted pro- 

 miscuously, so as to prevent the mixture of blossoms, 

 pollen, and change of fruit. Each kind ought to be kept 

 separate, and even divided by fence, walls, hedges, or 

 meadows, forming a vineyard by itself. 



41. Plant the cuttings in pits or a trench one or two 

 feet deep, made with the hoe or plough, and filled with 

 good manured earth or rich made soil with some rubbish, 

 gravel, or ashes at the bottom, below the cuttings. 



42. The time of planting is from October to May: the 

 best months are November and March. If you plant in 

 tlie fall, cover each plant with a little hillock, and unco- 

 ver it in the spring. If the weather be dry after plant- 

 ing, water them. 



43. Choose your cuttings from good vines, and strong 

 shoots of last years growth, from 1 6 to 24 inches long, 

 with 5 or 6 buds. Let them be cut smooth below at a 

 joint and slanting one inch above the upper bud j the 

 slope must be opposite to the bud, that no bleeding of 

 the sap may follow it. 



44. If the cuttings are to be kept over wititer, or sent 

 to any distance, keep them in sand or dry earth, or else 

 in moss or straw. They must be kept dry, moisture is 

 pernicious, and frost still worse. 



45. Put the cuttings in the loose ground of the pit or 

 trench, at the chosen distance, in a slanting way, bend- 



