86 ON THE TRAINING OF VINES. 



shade, while the other parts receive the full force of 

 the sun's rays, it is necessary to observe, that in such 

 cases the figures above-mentioned cannot be adhered 

 to without inconvenience; the mode of training, 

 therefore, must in those instances be governed entire- 

 ly by local circumstances. 



It must be remarked, in reference to the winter 

 training of the shoots, that when they are trained in 

 a horizontal manner, there is not that necessity for 

 serpentining them, as when they are trained vertical- 

 ly ; unless the vegetation of the vine be so extremely 

 vigorous, as to generate wild or long-jointed wood. 

 It may also be further mentioned, that every shoot 

 trained in a serpentine manner, ought to be wholly 

 cut down at the next autumnal pruning, after it has 

 borne fruit, as the further retention of it would produce 

 great confusion in the future training of the shoots. 



Summer traiiiing. In order that the jvinciples on 

 which this important point of culture is based, may 

 be clearly understood, it will be necessary to point 

 out, as distinctly as possible, the circumstances under 

 which hearing-wood is produced. 



It must be borne in mind, that the fruit of the vine 

 is produced on shoots of the preceding year's growth, 

 or, in other words, the grapes that are grown in the 

 present year, 1837, are produced from shoots grown 

 in 1836. Now, during the growth of a current year's 

 shoot, all the buds which it developes previously to 

 the month of August will be fruit-buds, provided, 

 firsts that the size of the shoot be large enough for its 

 vessels to convey a sufficient quantity of the juices of 

 the plant, to generate and nourish bunches of fruit in 

 embryo; and, secondly^ that the shoot be duly ex- 

 posed to light, and to the full operation of the sun's 

 rays, on the surface of a wall, having any aspect, 

 south of, and including the eastern and western points 

 of the horizon, by which these juices will be elabo- 

 rated, and the process of the formation of fruit-buds 

 thereby completed. If, therefore, the shoot itself be 

 not sulficiently large to develope fruit-buds, or, if. 



