MANAGEMENT. 



have but little reference to the space which their 

 roots will occupy in the border, but rather to the 

 surface of the wall, on which the branches are to be 

 trained. A vine trained as represented by fig. 7, will 

 stretch its two arms about five feet in length, and if 

 ten feet in height be set apart for the shoots to be 

 trained on, the whole surface required will be fifty 

 square feet. Now, the annual increase in the girt of 

 the stem of a vine planted in good ground, will be 

 found on an average, after it comes to be fruited regu- 

 larly, to be about half an inch ; which gives an 

 increase in its powers of maturation eqnal to five 

 pounds' weight of fruit; and if sixty pounds be esti- 

 mated as the greatest quantity which can annually be 

 obtained from a vine confined within this space, it will 

 appear, that if a cutting be planted, it will be fifteen 

 or sixteen years before it can be expected to arrive at 

 such a degree of strength, as to be able to mature that 

 quantity of fruit. This space of time is so great, 

 that it seems highly desirable to shorten it. Aud this 

 is easily done by allowing to each vine when first 

 planted no more than half this portion of the surface 

 of the wall, namely, twenty-five square feet for the 

 training of the branches ; and when it has attained 

 such a degree of strength that its shoots cannot be 

 kept within the limits of that space, let every alter- 

 nate vine be cut out. If the wall, therefore, be ten 

 feet high, plant the vines two feet and a half apart, 

 and appropriate to each vine the five lower feet of the 

 surface, and the five upper in alternate succession. 

 To form the stems of those destined for the upper 

 portion of the wall, instead of cutting down the vine 

 in the autumn of the third year of its growth to the 

 three lowermost buds, cut out all the buds on the 

 shoot, to the height of five feet from tlie ground, and 

 select the three next buds, to obtain the two shoots 

 for the arms. And if the wall be seven or eight feet 

 high, plant the vines about three feet and a half apart, 

 and train every alternate one similar to fig. 7, and the 

 others in a horizontal manner, resembhng fig. 4. If 



