212 Birds of Oregon and Washington 



snow-white ; bill, deep chrome or wax-yellow, the broad 

 part of mandible marked by a bright spot of red ; feet, 

 yellow. 



Permanent resident. 



The next four Gulls, found all together about 

 our harbors and upon our piers, are so much alike 

 that they cannot be easily distinguished. Two, 

 however, are larger than the other two, namely, 

 the Glaucus-winged and the American Herring. 

 But, on the other hand, one of the other two 

 varieties, the Ring-billed, has a "mantle" like 

 that of the American Herring Gull. (The back 

 and folded wings of a Gull, taken together, are 

 called the " mantle.") The two smaller ones, 

 the Ring-billed and the California, are almost 

 the same, the latter being a slight modification 

 of the former. 



By studying through a glass the distinguishing 

 marks upon each of the Gulls, we may learn to 

 tell our friendly winter visitors apart, and to get a 

 more intimate knowledge of our Summer Gull. 



The descriptions of the Summer Gull and of 

 the next four birds are taken from Dr. Elliott 

 Coues. 



