128 



PLANT BIOLOGY 



Budding is mostly restricted to young trees in the nursery. 

 In the spring following the budding, the stock is cut off 

 just above the bud, so that only the shoot from the bud 

 grows to make the future tree. This prevailing form of 



budding (shield-budding) is shown in Fig. 



168. 



SUGGESTIONS. 128. Name the plants that the 

 gardener propagates by means of cuttings. 

 129. By means of grafts. 130. -The cutting-box 

 may be set in the window. If the box does not 

 receive direct sunlight, it may be covered with a 

 pane of glass to prevent evaporation. Take care 

 that the air is not kept too close, else the damping- 

 off fungi may attack the cuttings, and they will 

 rot at the surface of the ground. See that the 

 pane is raised a little at one end to afford ventila- 

 tion ; and if the water collects in drops on the 

 under side of the glass, remove the pane for a 

 time. 131. Grafting wax is made of beeswax, 

 resin, and tallow. A good recipe is one part (as 

 one pound) of rendered tallow, two parts of bees- 

 wax, four parts of rosin ; melt together in a kettle ; 

 pour the liquid, into a pail or tub of water to so- 

 lidify it ; work with the hands until it has the 

 color and " grain" of taffy candy, the hands being 

 greased when necessary. The wax will keep any 

 length of time. For the little grafting that any 

 pupil would do, it is better to buy the wax of a 

 seedsman. 132. Grafting is hardly to be recom- 

 mended as a general school diversion, as the mak- 

 ing of cuttings is ; and the account of it in this 

 chapter is inserted chiefly to satisfy the general 

 curiosity on the subject. 133. In Chap. V we had 

 a definition of a plant generation : what is " one 

 generation " of a grafted fruit tree, as Le Conte 

 pear, Baldwin, or Ben Davis apple? 134. The 

 Elberta peach originated about 1880: what is 

 meant by " originated " ? 135. How is the grape 

 propagated so as to come true to name (explain 

 what is meant by "coming true")? currant? 

 strawberry? raspberry? blackberry? peach? 

 pear? orange? fig? plum? cherry? apple? chest- 

 nut? pecan? 



FIG. 168. BUD- 

 DING. The 

 "bud"; the 

 opening to re- 

 ceive it; the 

 bud tied. 



