150 



PLANT BIOLOGY 



duce great quantities of pollen, for much of it is wasted. 

 They usually have broad stigmas, which expose large 

 surfaces to the wind. They are usually lacking in gaudy 

 colors and in perfume. Grasses and pine trees are typical 

 examples of anemophilous plants. 



In many cases cross-pollination is insured because the 

 stamens and pistils are in different flowers (diclinous). 



Monoecious and 

 dioecious plants 

 may be polli- 

 nated by wind or 

 insects, or other 

 agents (Fig. 204). 

 They are usually 

 wind - pollinated, 

 although willows 

 are often, if not 

 mostly, insect- 

 pollinated. The 

 Indian corn is a 

 monoecious plant. 

 The staminate 

 flowers are in a 

 terminal panicle 

 (tassel). The pistillate flowers are in a dense spike (ear), 

 inclosed in a sheath or husk. Each " silk ". is a style. 

 Each pistillate flower produces a kernel of corn. Some- 

 times a few pistillate flowers are borne in the tassel and a 

 few staminate flowers on the tip of the ear. Is self-fertili- 

 zation possible with the corn? Why does a "volunteer" 

 stalk standing alone in a garden have only a few grains 

 on the ear ? What is the direction of the prevailing wind 

 in summer ? If only two or three rows of corn are 



FIG. 204. FLOWERS OF BLACK WALNUT: two pis- 

 tillate flowers at A, and staminate catkins at B. 



