620 



READINGS IN RURAL ECONOMICS 



average size, gets average crops, and has cows twice as good as 

 the average, it is represented by 200 per cent. If a farm has 

 average crops and is twice as large as the average, but has cows 

 only half as good as the average, it is represented by 1 00 per cent. 

 Table 27 shows a comparison of farms sorted in this way. 



TABLE 27. COMPARISON OF FARMS WHEN AREA, CROP YIELDS, 

 AND RECEIPTS PER COW ARE GIVEN EQUAL CONSIDERATION. 

 AVERAGE FARM EQUALS 100 PER CENT. JEFFERSON COUNTY, 



NEW YORK 



Comparison with Average 

 (Per cent) 



30 or less 



3 : -40 



4i-5 



51-60 



61-70 



71-80 



81-90 



91-100 



101-200 



Over 200 



Number 

 of Farms 



Labor 

 Income 



57 

 45 

 58 

 56 

 62 



56 

 38 

 34 

 199 

 62 



$95 



300 

 39 

 507 

 568 

 644 

 842 

 1596 



SOME TYPICAL FARMS 



If any further proof is needed to show that the four points thus 

 far discussed are the primary ones that determine the profits on 

 most farms, it is furnished by the fact that, when these four points 

 are given, one can estimate the labor income with approximate 

 accuracy in about 80 per cent of the cases. There are many 

 other things that may influence profits, but the fact is that, in the 

 majority of cases, no other point does have an influence strong 

 enough to overcome the effect of these four things. Of course, 

 the other factors cause minor variations on all farms. A few 

 examples from Jefferson County will illustrate the point. The 

 average farm had 73 acres of crops, received $59 per cow from 

 milk and its products, derived 22 per cent of the income from 

 the sale of crops, and made a labor income of $609. 



