THE MARKETING OF FARM PRODUCTS 



863 



The retail price of this butter in summer is almost invariably 

 6 francs a kilo whether the wholesale price is high or low. In 

 winter the retail price goes up as well as the wholesale price. 



A vertical section through the various stages of the handling 

 is as follows : 



The creamery at Cartigny, owned by the Union dcs beurrerics 

 de France, makes butter very much like this and sells it at the 

 same price, but pays 1 centime a kilo less for the milk. It 

 sells its butter through the office of the company at Paris. As 

 the town of Cartigny is in Isigny, this creamery gets the name 

 Isigny to help it sell its butter. 



A better sample of the average Normandy creamery can be found 

 at Chef-du-Pont, about fifteen miles from Isigny. There, within a 

 stone's throw of each other, are two creameries, one a cooperative 

 and one an industrial. They both get their milk from the same 

 neighborhood, and both get the same price for their butter, yet 

 the industrial creamery is slowly gaining ground over the other. 



The cooperative creamery is organized in practically the same 

 way as the Danish creameries. Instead of paying for the milk 

 at a fixed price it divides the profits each month in proportion 

 to the amount of butter-fat supplied. This generally amounts to 

 12 centimes a kilo for average milk in summer, but the price is 

 considerably higher in winter. The industrial creamery is owned 

 by English capitalists and is managed by a Frenchman and an 

 Englishman. It makes butter, casein, condensed milk, and evap- 

 orated cream, making whatever there happens to be the greatest 



