58 — How to Make the Garden Pay. 



extending their whole length. A building, hedge or board fence 

 at the west is also desirable. In this comfortable situation con- 

 struct your system of frames, making it as easily accessible as 

 convenient for operation, and as snug generally as circumstances 

 will permit. The frame is set on top of the ground, no excava- 

 tion being required. The back is made of boards 12 inches wide, 

 nailed to stakes driven in the ground at the ends and middle of 

 each board ; the front consists of boards only 8 inches wide, and 

 fastened to stakes in the same manner, at a uniform distance of 6 

 feet from the first. When the necessary end pieces are adjusted 

 we have a close fitting box, 4 inches lower in front than at the 

 back. Such a system of frames, in process of construction, is 

 shown on preceding page. 



The number of sashes required by the market gardener 

 depends on extent of business and area, and still more largely on 

 the particular line of work in which he is engaged. For general 

 market garden purposes it may take 20 to 25 sashes to each acre 

 of ground, but when frames are extensively used for the produc- 

 tion of vegetables, such as spinach, lettuce, carrots, beets, parsley 

 and soup celery, or in the special line of growing plants for sale, 

 the number of sashes required will be proportionately larger. 

 Some gardeners devote their energies almost exclusively to cold- 

 frame products. 



In some cases it is more convenient to buy the sash frames 

 unglassed, and put the glass in them on the premises. In this 

 emergency, as also in the work of repairing and patching old 



Improved Putty Bulb. 



sashes, the newer method of putting on putty in liquid form, and 

 by means of a putty bulb, can be recommended as quite con- 

 venient, and preferable to the old way. The mixture used for 

 this is composed of one-third white lead, one-third common 

 putty, and one-third boiled oil, all by measure not by weight. 

 Mix oil and putty thoroughly, add the white lead, and strain. If 

 too thick, as liable to be in cold weather, add a small quantity 

 of benzine or turpentine. Paint the sash ; then fill the bulb with 

 the liquid putty, run a little of it along the sash bars, then bed 

 the glass on it, and run more of the liquid along the edges of the 



