Cultural Directions. — i8i 



the northern states ; and for this reason leaves or coarse manure 

 should be applied between the plants from three to six inches 

 deep, according to the usual severity of the winters. 



The part used, generally in the raw state, is the base of the 

 scales of the flower. Sometimes they are boiled and served 

 as a salad. The term " Artichoke Salad," however, is more 

 frequently applied to the side shoots, which are loosely tied and 

 bleached somewhat after the fashion of endive. The vegetable 

 is rarely found in American home gardens. 



European seedsmen catalogue a number of varieties. The 

 Green, or Green Globe, is probably as good as any other, and 

 the one offered by American seedsmen. 



Green 



Globe 

 choke. 



Arti- 



ARTICHOKE— JERUSALEM. 



Helianihus Tuberosus. German, Erdapfel. French, Topin- 

 anibour. Spanish, Namara. — The Jerusalem artichoke or Tuber- 

 ous-rooted sunflower is easily grown from the 

 tuber, and where the latter has once taken 

 possession of a field, is hard to eradicate. 

 Poor, gravelly soil, too dry for most any other 

 crop, suits this artichoke very well, and will 

 soon be filled with tubers. Plant in open 

 ground in April or May, in rows three feet 

 apart, placing the seed tubers 12 or 15 inches 

 apart in the rows. They require no especial 

 attention until dug, and are not affected by 

 frost if left in the ground. The varieties only differ in the color 

 of their tubers, and are' named accordingly, Red-skinned, White- 

 skinned, etc. 



Uses. — The tubers, like potatoes, can serve as food for man 

 or'beast. Sometimes they are eaten in the raw state, as pickles 

 or salad; sometimes they are boiled like potatoes ; but however 



served, they can by no means be con- 



J^^JJ^^JER^^^ficMTKs' sidered a great delicacy for the average 



American taste. Flesh sweet and 



watery. Hogs are very fond of the 



tuber. I think that on a piece of land 



having little value otherwise, the crop 



would be quite a profitable one for 



turning into pork, especially since we 



can leave the job of harvesting entirely 



to the pigs themselves. Hog snouts 



are also the most convenient tool with 



which to rid a piece of land of the 



Jerusalem artichoke, when this becomes a nuisance, which it is 



liable to do. 



