Cultural Directions. — 229 



as parsnips. It succeeds everywhere, and is improved by frost. 

 The stalks grow tall and vigorous, and die down early in the 

 season, indicating that the tubers have reached maturity. 



CHICORY. 



Cichorium Intybus ; German, Cichoric ; French, Chicorce ; 

 Spanish, AcJiicoria. — Chicory is generally known as a substitute 

 for coffee. For this 

 purpose the root is 

 roasted and ground. 

 The vegetable is 

 easily grown, some- 

 what like carrots. 

 Seed should be sown 

 in spring, in drills a 

 foot apart, and plants 

 thinned to about 4 

 inches distance in the 

 drills. The leaves are 

 sometimes blanched 

 and used as salad. 

 The blanching 



Collard. 



is 



Chicory. 



done in the cellar. The plants should be taken up at the begin- 

 ning of cold weather, the leaves cut off ^^-inch or so above the 

 root crown, and placed horizontally in layers, alternating with 

 layers of sand or soil, the root crowns all pointing outward of 

 the sloping heaps, to give them a chance for free growth. If the 

 soil is rather dry, a slight watering may be given. In a few 

 weeks, if the temperature of the cellar is high enough, the 

 leaves will have made considerable growth, and may be used. 



CHIVES. 



German, 



Schnittlanch ; French 



Allium Schoenoprastim ; 

 Civette ; Spanish , Cibellmo. 



A plant of the onion family, growing in large tufts, perfectly 

 hardy, and requiring no attention after being once planted. 

 Bulbs, oval and small, forming a compact mass. Leaves numer- 

 ous and slender, and generally used in the raw state as a relish, 

 with bread and butter, etc. Propagated by division of the root. 

 Planted in permanent border, 6 or 8 inches apart. 



COLLARD OR COLEWORT. 



Brassica Oleracea. Nothing more nor less than common 

 cabbage used while young. It seems to me that one might 

 be satisfied with the good American name " cabbage greens," 

 and as such they are known and used quite commonly in the 



