Insect Galls. ill 



Irregular, rounded, woody, polythalamous twig gall. Sometimes 

 quite small, sometimes almost 10 em. long. Common on swamp white 

 oak, Quercus platanoides. Bassett says that only females emerge before 

 leaves appear in the succeeding spring. These females produce a vernal 

 crop of green, smooth grape-like galls on leaves of same oak. From these 

 galls about June 20 emerge great numbers of male and female ilies the 

 bisexual generation. 



Quercus prinus. 

 EHophyes (juerci Garman. See p. 24. 

 Andricus petiolicola Bassett. See p. 27. 

 Callirhytis papillata Osten Sacken. Oak nipple-gall. 



Cynips quercus-papillata Osten Sacken, Proc. Ent. soc. Phil., 1801, v. 1, p. 04-05. 

 Cynips papillata < >sten Sacken, Proc. Ent. .soc. Phil., 1865, v. 4, p. 352. 

 Andricus papillata Osten Sacken, Proc. Ent. soc. Phil., 1865, v. 4, p. 379. 

 Andricus (Callirhytis ) papillata Ashmead, Trans. Ainer. cut. soc., 1885, v. 12, \>. 295. 

 • Packard, 5th rept. IT. S. ent. comm. 1890, p. 105. 



Beutenniiillcr, Bull. Arner. mus. nat. hist., 1892, v 4, p. 255; 

 Ins. galls vicin. X. Y., 1904, p. 14. fig. 

 Callirhytis papillatus Cook, Ohio nat., 1902, v. 2, p. 269, tig. 30; 1903, v. 3, p. 427, li -»- - 64; 1904, v. 4, 

 p. 119, 120, 124, 126-127, 141, tig. 81, 107-108. 



Rounded, highest at middle, projecting on both sides of the leaf. 

 Light green, surrounded on the under side by a reddish ring. Two or 

 more larval cells are held in place by radiating fibers. Rather common 

 on chestnut oak, Quercus prinus. Insect in June. 



Quercus prinoides. 

 Eriophyes querci Garman. See p. 24. 

 Andricus petiolicola Bassett. See p. 27. 

 Cynips caducus. Fig. 58. 



Cynips caducus Walsh, according to Packard, 5th rept. IT. S. ent. comm., 1890, p. 115. 



A spherical gall occurring in clusters on midrib on under side of the 

 leaf. 2-5 mm. in diameter. Sometimes so crowded as to lose their shape. 

 One- celled. Falling from the leaf, the larvae change on the ground. On 

 dwarf chestnut oak, Quercus prinoides. Cited from other oaks. August. 



Cynips frondosa Bassett. Leafy oak-gall. Fig. 57. 



('l/iiijin quercus-frondosa Bassett, Proc. Ent. soc. Phil., 1864, v. 3, p. 688-689. 



Osten Sacken, Proc. Ent. soc Phil., 1865, v. 4, p. 350, 361. 



Walsh and Riley, Aincr. cut., 1869, v. 2, p. 25, fig. 20; p. 7273, tig. 46. 



This gall is formed by the development of a leaf bud, in the fall instead 

 of the following spring. The leaves grow in a crowded mass and attain 

 about one fifth their normal length and breadth. Monothalamous. Color 

 the same as normal leaves. On dwarf chestnut oak, Quercus prinoides. 



Cynips prinoides Beutenmuller. Spring oak-gall. Fig. 59. 



( 'ynips prinoides BeutemmiUer, Bull. Ainer. mus. nat. hist., 1892, v. 4, p. 257, pi. 11. tig. 6; Jus 

 galls vicin. N. Y., 1904, p. 17, fig. 



