Insect Galls. 11 



Rhabdophaga batatas Walsh. Willow potato-gull. Fig. 7. 



Cecidomyia sqlieis-batatas Walsh, Proc. Ent. soc. Phil., 1864, v. 3, p. 606; 1866, v. 6, p. 225-226. 



Packard, 5th rept. U. S. ent comm., 1890, p. 598. 

 Cecidomyia batatas, Beutenmiiller, Bull. Anier. mus. nat. hist., 1892, v. 4, p. 268. 

 Rhabdophaga batata* .Tarvis, 38th ann. rept. Ent. soc. Ontario, 1907, p. 86, pi. A, i\a. 7 

 Felt, 23d rept. ins. N. Y. f. 1907, 190S, p. 8»8, 355, pi. 35, tig. 7. 



An extremely variable, polythalamous twig-gall. Usually not 

 terminal, surrounding the twig, sometimes with leaves or small twigs 

 growing from sides, sometimes several strung along the twig. Spongy 

 or woody within. On several willows. Common. Insect remains as 

 larva during the winter, pupates in spring and soon emerges. 



Rhabdophaga brassicoides Walsh, Willow eabbage-gall. Fig. 6. 



Cecidomyia salicis-brassicoides Walsh, ['roc. Ent. soc. Phil., 1864, v. 3, p. 575, 577-580. 



Walsh and Riley, Amer. Ent., 1869, v. 1, p. 105, lig. 84. 



Packard, Guide study ins., 1869, p. 377, fig. 282; 5th rept. 

 U. S. ent comm., 1890, p. 580. 



Townserul, Can. ent., 1895, v. 27, p. 205-207. 

 Cecidomyia brassicoides, Beutenmiiller, Bull. Amer. mus. nat. hist., 1892, v. 4, p. 268. 

 Rhabdophaga brassicoides Felt, 23d rept. ins. K. Y. f. 1907, 1908, p. 338, 356. 



Gall consisting externally of rather close clusters of leaves, lint not 

 so closely overlapping as in R. strobiloides, the leaves broader and with 

 full margins, giving ruffled effect. Somewhat conical in outline, about 4 

 cm. long by 25-30 mm. broad at base. Color like leaves of bush, turning 

 very dark in winter. On willow, Salix. 



Rhabdophaga gnap/haiioides Walsh. Fig. 4. 



Cecidomyia salicis-gnaphalioides Walsh, Proc Ent. soc. Phil , 1864, v. 3, p. 575, 583 585; 



1866, v. 6, p. 223-224. 



A monothalamous, solitary, oval gall, terminal on twigs. It consists 

 of closely overlapping leaves, much dwarfed, the tips pinched together to 

 form a beak, and spreading. About 1 cm. long. Yellow-brown with the 

 outside of each leaf so covered with appressed, whitish hairs as to look 

 silvery. Gall formed in summer, insects appearing in late April or in 

 May. On willow, Salix. 



Rhabdophaga strobiloides Osten Sacken. Pine-cone willow-gall. Fig. 5. 



Cecidomyia strobiloides Osten Sacken, in Loew's lion. dipt. N. A., 1S62, pt. 1, p. 203. 

 Walsh and Riley, Amer. ent., 1869, v. 1, p. 105, fig. 82. 

 Packard, Guide study ins., 1S69, p. 377, fig. 281. 

 Beutenmiiller, Bull. Amer. mus. nat. hist., 1S92, v. 4, p. 267-268, 



pi. 15, fig. 1. 

 Cook, Ohio nat., 1902, v. 2, p. 272, fig. 32; 1903, v. 3, p. 419; 29th 

 ann. rept. Dept. geol. and nat. res. Indiana f. 1904, 

 1905, p. 840, fig. 33-34. 

 •Tarvis, 37th ann. rept. Ent. soc. Ontario, 1906, p. 66. 

 Cecidomyia salicis-strobiloides Walsh, Proc. Ent. soc. Phil., 1864 v,. 3, p. 580-583. 

 Rhabdophaga strobiloides Felt, 23d rept. ins. N. Y. f. 1907, 1908, p. 338, 355, 356. 



Cone-shaped gall consisting of a deformed terminal bud, the leaves 

 closely overlapping. Monothalamous. 2-3 cm. long. Very abundant 

 on willows. Fully grown in July. Insect emerges the following spring. 

 On several species of willows, Salix. 



Cryptocampus cooperae Cockerell. Fig. 10-11. 



Cryptocampus coopeme Cockerell, Ann. and mag nat. hist, 1901, s. 7, v. 7, p. 335. 

 Rohwer, Journ. N. Y. ent. soc, 1909, v. 17, p 11-12. 



