392 



ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE NATURAL ORDERS. 



inner sutures, usually long before the seeds are ripe. Seeds several 

 or many, curved or kidney-shaped, with no albumen ; the embryo 

 incurved. — Ex. The common representatives of this order are the 

 Mignonette (Reseda odorata), prized for its fragrant flowers, and 

 the Weld (R. Luteola), which yields a poor dye. 



756. Ord, FlaCOUrliacciC, a group of tropical shrubs and trees, 

 placed in this vicinity, is best known by Bixa Orellana, which yields 

 Arnatto, the orange-red dried pulp of the pod, surrounding the 

 seeds. 



757. Ord. YiolilCea! ( Violet Family). Herbs (in tropical countries 

 sometimes shrubby plants), with mostly alternate simple leaves, on 

 petioles, furnished with stiptiles ; and irregular flowers (Fig. 39G, 

 397). Calyx of five persistent sepals, often auricled at the base. 

 Corolla of five unequal petals, one of them larger than the others 

 and commonly bearing a spur or a sac at the base : aestivation imbri- 



cative. Stamens five, with short and broad filaments, which are 

 usually elongated beyond the (adnate introrse) anthers ; two of 

 them commonly bearing a gland or a slender appendage which is 

 concealed in the spur of the corolla : the anthers approaching each 

 other, or united in a ring or tube. Style usually turned to one side 



FIG. 711. Viola sagittata 712. One of the stamens without appendage, Feen from within ; 

 and one furnished with a tpur-liko appendage on the back. 712 . A capsule which lias opened 

 and separated into three vahes; the calyx still persistent. 712'. A vertical sectiou of the 

 seed and embryo. 



