NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN. 11 



ditions of the islands, several such junks had been wrecked upon Hawaii, 

 before the islands were discovered by Captain Cook. 



15, 16. In 1833, a Japanese junk was wrecked on the coast of Washington 

 Territory, in the immediate vicinity of Cape Flattery. Many of her crew 

 had perished, and several dead bodies were found headed up in firkins, in 

 customary Japanese style, ready for burial. Out of 17 persons, the only 

 survivors, two men and a boy, were rescued from the Indians, by the Hudson 

 Bay Company's vessel Lama, Captain McNeal, who took them to England, 

 touching at Honolulu on their way. Thence they proceeded to Canton, 

 where they arrived in 1836, and stopped with Karl Gutzlaff, who learned their 

 language, and intended accompanying them to Japan. In 1837, they left 

 Macao in the American brig Morrison, dispatched by Clarence A. King for 

 Yedo bay, to bear them home. Being fired upon, July 27, and prevented 

 from landing, she sailed for Kagosima, where, being equally unsuccessful, 

 she finally returned with the men to Macao. The Morrison, on whom Samuel 

 W. Williams and Dr. Peter Parker were passengers, also had on board four 

 other Japanese seamen, rescued from a disabled Japanese junk, which had 

 drifted a long time at sea, until finally stranded on the eastern shore of the 

 Philippine Islands, whence the survivors were forwarded to Macao, to be re- 

 turned to Japan. 



17. In 1839, a wrecked junk was boarded by Captain Cathcart of the 

 American whale ship James Loper, drifting in latitude 30^ N., longitude 174° 

 W., or about half way between Japan and the Hawaiian Islands. 



18. In the Polynesian, October 17, 1840. published at Honolulu, I find: 

 " The Japanese who took passage in the Harlequin remained at Kamschatka 

 under the protection of the Governor awaiting an opportunity of returning to 

 their native country." 



Note. — In 1834, the brig Harlequin conveyed to Petropaulski from Hon- 

 olulu 18 Japanese taken from wrecks, who had remained 18 months at Hon- 

 olulu. They were finally returned to Japan by Eussian officials. 



In 1840, Mr. Nathaniel Savory, a native of Massachusetts, residing at Port 

 Lloyd, Bonin Islands, reports a Japanese junk of about 40 tons, laden with 

 dried fish, entered that harbor in distress, having been driven from her course 

 along the coast of Japan through stress of weather, with her jorovisions ex- 

 hausted. They repaired the damage to the junk during that winter, and she 

 sailed in the spring for Japan. Had these islands been uninhabited, this 

 case would have added another to the list of wrecks. 



19. In 1841, a fishing junk from the southeast part of Niphon was wrecked 

 on an uninhabited island, where the three survivors remained six months, 

 until taken off by Captain Whitfield, master of the American whale ship John 

 Howland, and brought to Honolulu, where Denzo and Goemon remained, 

 while Nakahama Manjiro went to the United States, and was educated by 

 Captain Whitfield. After being there several years he returned to Honolulu 

 where he found his former companions, and embarked January, 1851, on the 

 Sarah Boyd, Captain Whitmore, bound for Shanghai, taking with them a 

 whale-boat called the Adventure, with a fall rig and outfit. When off the 

 Grand Liu-Kiu, the three Japanese effected a landing and the ship proceeded 

 without stopping. Hence they finally reached Kiushiu and Nagasaki, in the 



