104 JUDGING CATTLE 



SCALE OF POINTS ADOPTED BY THE AMERICAN AYRSHIRE 

 BREEDERS ASSOCIATION, FEB. 21, 1889 — COW. 



The following scale of points for the Ayrshire cow were 

 adopted — being similar to the scale adopted in Scotland in 

 1884 — and changed in a few points to render them applicable 

 to this country : 



Head — Short ; forehead wide ; nose, fine between the muzzle 

 and the eyes ; muzzle, large ; eyes, full and lively ; horns, 



wide set on, inclining upwards lo 



Neck — Moderately long and straight from the head to the top of 

 the shoulder, free from loose skin on the under side, fine at 

 its junction with the head, and enlarging symmetrically 



towards the shoulder 5 



Fore Quarters ^Shoulders sloping; withers fine; chest suffi- 

 ciently broad and deep to insure constitution ; brisket and 

 whole fore quarters light, the cow gradually increasing in 



depth and width backwards 5 



Back — Short and straight ; spine well defined, especially at the 



shoulders ; short ribs, arched ; the body deep at the flanks. . 10 

 Hind Quarters — Long, broad and straight, hook bones wide 

 apart and not overlaid with fat; thighs, deep and broad; tail, 



long, slender, and set on level with the back 8 



Udder — Capacious and not fleshy, hind part broad and firmly 

 attached to the body, the sole nearly level and extending 

 well forward ; milk veins about udder and abdomen well 

 developed ; the teats from 2^1 to 3 inches in length, equal in 

 thickness — the thickness being in proportion to the length — 

 hanging perpendicularly, their distance apart at the sides 

 should be equal to one-third of the length of the vessel, and 



across to about one-half of the breadth 30 



Legs — Short in proportion to size, the bones fine, the joints firm. 3 

 Skin — Yellow, soft and elastic, and covered with soft, close, 



woolly hair 5 



Color — Red of any shade, brown or white, or a mixture of 



these — each color being distinctly defined 3 



Average Live Weight in full milk, about 1,000 pounds 8 



General Appearance, including style and movement 10 



Escutcheon — Large and fine development 3 



Total 100 



