GRAVISTATIC HEAT 293 



"reaction." The centrifugal force, too, then, must evolve 

 freshly out of Nature, and should it run out instead of 

 the central attraction, the solar system would promptly 

 collapse and crash together. In fine, in order to keep 

 the planets gyrating around the sun that is to say, 

 merely to make them change their places, without at the 

 same time either adding to or taking away any of their 

 so-called "energy of position" demands the constant 

 exercise of those two enormous sources of creative en- 

 ergy, namely, the sun's gravity, and the stellar resultant. 

 The present teaching is, that to start a body and to stop 

 it require the putting forth of equal amounts of energy, 

 but that the transportation in betiveen requires none. I 

 maintain, in opposition, that change of place of any physi- 

 cal body, even along the level, involves a positive destruc- 

 tion of units of energy (using this term in the conven- 

 tional sense). In brief, the activities of nature of 

 translation as well as of warmth literally consume en- 

 ergy, and to offset this loss, I say, nature must and does 

 evolve it. 



In order to show the reader how near scientists have 

 already come to laying hold upon these truths, had it not 

 been for their obscuration by the doctrine of conserva- 

 tion, let me quote two passages from standard works. 

 The first of these is taken from Ganot 's Physics, Art. 465, 

 (Ed. of 1877, retained in that of 1910). 



If a body be so compressed that its density is increased, its 

 temperature rises according as the volume diminishes. Joule has 

 verified this in the case of water and of oil which were exposed 

 to pressures of 15 to 25 atmosphers. In the case of water at 1.2 

 C, increase of pressure caused lowering of temperature, a result 

 which agrees with the fact that water contracts by heat at this 

 temperature. Similarly, when weights are laid on metallic pillars, 

 heat is evolved, and absorbed when they are removed. 



The second of the extracts is to be found in Profes- 

 sor Eichard A. Proctor's Our Place Among Infinities 

 (pp. 117, 118): 



At exceedingly high temperature, much greater pressure, and 

 therefore much greater density, can be attained without liquefac- 

 tion or solidification. And in considering the effect of pressure 

 on the materials of a solid globe, we must not fall into the mistake 



