30 THE NEW GARDENING 



and the tree to prevent chafing at the same time that the 

 ligature is attached. 



Partly to further the idea of diversity, partly to form a 

 foil for colour groups, we might now proceed to plant 

 between the standards a few selected pyramidal Conifers 

 such as Lawson's Cypress and its varieties, Juniper, 

 Retinospora, Abies, and Arbor Vita?. In making a 

 " short cut " in the establishment of a large border I have 

 before now made a bargain with a nurseryman who has 

 been desirous of getting rid of some oldish Cypresses. 

 There is an element of risk about such a proceeding on 

 poor dry soil, for if a hot rainless summer should follow 

 it might be difficult to keep the plants alive ; but a sport- 

 ing chance is sometimes worth taking. Such trees " fur- 

 nish " quickly, and if they thrive are a solid factor in 

 saving time. 



Among the best flowering shrubs to be set in front of 

 the standard trees are varieties of Weigela (Diervilla), 

 Golden Ball (Forsythia), Double Deutzia (crenata flore 

 pleno), Spiraea (notably arguta, which has beautiful 

 foliage as well as lovely inflorescence), hybrid Azalea, 

 flowering Currant (Ribes), Lilac, Pearl Bush (Exochorda), 

 Snowdrop tree (Halesia), and Hibiscus. These shrubs 

 will be beautiful in spring and early summer, and the 

 herbaceous plants will follow them. 



I am tempted to add to the names of the flowering 

 shrubs for border work such noble things as Rhododen- 

 drons, large bush Roses of the rugosa section, such as 

 Conrad F. Meyer, Blanc double de Coubert, and Belle 

 Poitevine ; and the glorious Viburnum plicatum. But 

 where there is plenty of room these are better brought 

 forward into beds on the lawn. 



The herbaceous plants, grouped in front of the Conifers, 

 should include tall blue perennial Larkspurs (Delphinium), 



