324 THE NEW GARDENING 



the different natures of the enemies of his trees and 

 their diverse methods of attack. His demand has been 

 for one relatively inexpensive spray which shall destroy 

 insect and fungoid enemies alike, of whatever structure, 

 of whatever season, and in whatever way they prove 

 inimical to his trees. 



The scientist has met this comprehensive require- 

 ment without dismay, and after many experiments and 

 failures has come within hail of success. The entomolo- 

 gist and the mycologist have taken counsel together, 

 and brought their united efforts to bear on the problem. 



The principal difficulty which they have had to over- 

 come is that certain enemies operate when the tree is 

 leafless, and others when it is in full growth. Some 

 attack the stem, some the foliage and others the flowers. 

 The tree, however, is in a very different condition in 

 summer and in winter. When bare it may be treated 

 with a much stronger spray than when full of leaf and 

 fruit. The wash that would do no harm to bare bark 

 and tightly closed bud would scorch the green leaf. 



The lime and sulphur spray described in Bulletin No. 

 289 of Cornell University, supplemented with arsenate 

 of lead, seems, judging by extensive experiments both 

 in America and Great Britain, to be the " combination 

 wash " of which the fruit-grower has been in search, 

 destroying eggs, fungi, scale and caterpillars. 



To make this wash the grower should proceed as 

 follows : 



(1) Boil 70 Ib. of lime and 35 Ib. of sulphur in 20 

 gallons of water. The lime should be fresh white stone 

 lime. 



(2) Make up to 100 gallons by adding more water 

 and boil well for i J hours. (This boiling is a troublesome 

 process, and if a steam pipe could be put in the hogshead 



