SCIENCE OF FRUIT-SPRAYING 325 



for three-quarters of an hour it would serve the same 

 purpose with less labour and expense. 



(3) Apply at the end of February by means of a force- 

 pump giving a pressure of 70 Ib. 



(4) If it does not adhere readily add enough lime to 

 the solution to make it coat the tree. 



The wash thus used while the trees are dormant in 

 late winter will seal up the eggs of various injurious 

 insects and destroy the spores of fungi. It might not, 

 however, prevent caterpillars appearing in spring, nor 

 entirely obviate spot on the fruit. For this reason it is 

 advisable to use a modified lime-sulphur solution in 

 combination with arsenate of lead at later stages. This 

 mixture is prepared and used as follows : 



(1) Boil 112 Ib. of lime and 50 Ib. of sulphur (or pro- 

 portionate quantities throughout) for ij hours in 100 

 gallons of water. Keep adding to maintain the pro- 

 portion of water. 



(2) When the solution is made use 2,\ gallons and 

 4 Ib. of arsenate of lead to 100 gallons of water. 



(3) The mixture may be used at the following 

 stages : 



(a) When the colour shows in the buds. 



(b) When the bloom falls. 



(c) Two weeks after the fall of the flower. 



(d) Nine weeks later. 



Trees on large areas in Cambridgeshire washed with 

 these solutions have been perfectly free from both insect 

 and fungoid attacks. The bark has been bright and 

 clean, the foliage ample and healthy, the fruit abundant 

 and spotless. 



Most of the leading varieties of Apples submit to the 

 treatment with equanimity, but Cox's Orange Pippin 

 is apt to suffer from it. 



