336 THE NEW GARDENING 



grafts. The scions must be cut of a length to connect 

 the upper and lower rings of bark, and pared down at 

 each end to permit of being slipped under the raised 

 edge of the bark. When the union has taken place the 

 grafts serve as pipes to convey sap up and down the 

 tree. The scions should be tied round to make them 

 secure, and covered with a mixture of loam (3 parts), 

 cow manure (J part) and horse manure ( J part) worked 

 up with water until it is pasty enough to be plastered on ; 

 this excludes the air and facilitates a union. Or a wax 

 made of the following may be melted together and painted 

 on over the cut parts as a more simple and cleanly 

 plan of serving the purpose in view : 



8 parts resin. 



3 tallow. 



3 red-ochre. 



I ,, Burgundy pitch. 



This wax would be equally suitable for more orthodox 

 methods of grafting, where the object was to transform 

 stocks into fruit trees, or to change the variety of a tree 

 by cutting it back in spring and grafting another on 

 to it. 



Science has not proved wanting in respect to a remedy 

 for that terrible disease of Peaches and Nectarines, 

 " blister," the result of the attack of the fungus Exoascus 

 deformans. A preventive has been found in Bordeaux 

 mixture, which for fruit trees is best prepared by using 

 8 Ib. each of bluest one (sulphate of copper) and lime to 

 100 gallons of water. Air-slaked lime should not be 

 used, or the trees might be scorched. Good white stone 

 lime from freshly burned chalk should be got straight 

 from the kiln and slaked in a little water. It is so import- 

 ant to have the lime just right that the user should not 

 trust to repeated fresh "brews," but should make a 



