PEARS AND PEAR-GROWING 351 



year the grower may not suffer very severely for restraint. 

 True, six Pears do not sound very imposing, but they 

 may easily be of such size and quality as to equal a dozen 

 ordinary fruits. 



The same remarks apply to pyramids. It is a simple 

 task to go to a large fruit nursery in November and pick 

 out trees that will bloom the following spring. But the 

 trees will cost much more than two-year-olds. They 

 will cost more, too, than cordons of the same age. In 

 neither case should the leading growths be pruned back 

 severely. The nurseryman has done good work in bring- 

 ing the tree forward into the fruiting state, and we must 

 not spoil it by severe heading, otherwise we shall have to 

 build up afresh. With shortening of the current season's 

 extension to the extent of perhaps one-half, and thinning 

 of thick clusters of fruit, the trees ought to be quite safe. 



Half-standard trees are the best for field culture, and 

 at about eighteen feet apart they will have enough room. 

 They like a loamy soil without turf over the roots. 

 Such hardy, prolific varieties as Summer Doyenne, 

 Chalk, Lammas, Jargonelle, Beacon, Hessle, Dr. Jules 

 Guyot, Williams's Bon Chretien, Beurre de Capiaumont, 

 Petite Marguerite, Fertility, Eyewood, Beurre d'Amanlis, 

 Souvenir du Congres, Beurre Clairgeau, Beurre Bosc 

 Doyenne Boussoch, Durondeau, Louise Bonne of Jersey, 

 Pitmaston Duchess and Princess may be grown. The 

 last nine need better soil than the others. The first nine 

 will flourish in most soils, 



