CHOLERA VIBRIO 513 



muscles very frequently produces death. The organism is of interest 

 chiefly because it is one of the classical organisms for study. It is 

 rarely confused with the cholera vibrio and has no significance patho- 

 genically. 



Vibrio Metchnikovi. A spirillum found in the feces of fowls suffering 

 from acute enteritis by Gamaleia. 1 



Morphology. Practically identical with cholera. Staining, culture 

 reactions, products of growth, the same as cholera. It is non-patho- 

 genic for man. If it is ingested by man it is harmless. It does not 

 agglutinate with the cholera immune serum, and is not dissolved by 

 the cholera immune serum. According to Pfeiffer and Nocht, 2 the 

 intrapectoral injection of this organism into pigeons kills them with 

 symptoms of acute septicemia. There is extensive edema at the site 

 of inoculation. If it is fed to young fowls it frequently kills them 

 with symptoms of enteritis. 



Vibrio Massaua. Pasquale isolated this organism at Massaua 

 from a case of clinically doubtful cholera. 3 Pathogenically it is quite 

 similar to Spirillum metchnikovi, and produces septicemia in birds 

 when inoculated intrapectorally. It does not react with cholera immune 

 serum either by agglutinating or by lysis. 



Vibrio Tyrogenum (Spirillum Deneke). Deneke 4 isolated this 

 organism from an old cheese, and it has since been found in butter. 

 Culturally it is very similar to the spirillum of Finkler and Prior, 

 except that the cholera-red reaction is usually negative. Intraperi- 

 toneal injection into guinea-pigs and intrapectoral injection into 

 pigeons cause death. According to Metchnikoff, a moderate diarrhea 

 may be induced in man by feeding cultures of this organism. 



1 Ann. Inst. Past., 1888. 



2 Ztschr. f. Hyg., 1889, vii, 259. 



3 Giorn. Med. de r. Eserc. ed. R. Marina, Roma, 1891. 



4 Deutsch. med. Wchnschr., 1885, iii. 



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