152 CEASSULACEAE. 



Family 1. CRASSULACEAE DC. 

 ORPINE FAMILY. 



Herbs, or somewhat shrubby plants, mostly fleshy or succulent, with 

 cymose or rarely solitary regular or symmetrical flowers. Stipules none. 

 Calyx persistent, free from the ovary or ovaries, 4-toothed or 4-parted in 

 our species. Petals or corolla-lobes equal in number to the calyx-lobes or 

 calyx-segments, usually persistent, rarely wanting. Stamens of the same 

 number or twice as many as the petals or corolla-lobes; anthers longitudi- 

 nally dehiscent. Receptacle with a scale at the base of each carpel. Carpels 

 equal in number to the sepals or calyx-lobes, distinct, or united below ; styles 

 subulate or filiform ; ovules numerous, arranged in 2 rows along the ventral 

 suture. Follicles 1-celled, dehiscent along the ventral suture. Seeds 

 minute; endosperm fleshy; embryo terete; cotyledons short. About 30 

 genera and 600 species, of wide geographic distribution. 



Calyx inflated, 4-toothed. 1. Bryophyllum. 



Calyx 4-parted. 2. Kalanchoe. 



1. BRYOPHYLLUM Salisb. Par. Lond. pi. 3. 1805. 



Upright herbs. Leaves opposite, simple or pinnately compound, the 

 leaflets mostly toothed. Flowers perfect, often showy, nodding, in cymes or 

 panicles opposite the branches. Calyx inflated, 4-toothed. Corolla nearly 

 campanulate, or urn-shaped, the narrow limb with 4 spreading lobes. Stamens 

 8, in 2 series, adnate to about the middle of the corolla-tube ; filaments filiform ; 

 anthers mostly exserted. Carpels 4, distinct or partially united. Ovules many. 

 Follicles 4. Seeds numerous. [Greek, sprouting leaf.] Four known species 

 of South Africa, Asia and Madagascar, the following typical. 



1. Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) Kurz, Jour. Asiat. Soc. Beng. 402: 52. 

 1871. 



Cotyledon pinnata Lam. Encyc. 2: 141. 1786. 

 Bryophyllum calycinum Salisb. Par. Lond. pi. 3. 1805. 



Perennial, fleshy, glabrous. Stamens 4-15 dm. tall, branched; leaf-blades 

 often pinnately compound, 1-3 dm. long; leaflets oblong, oval or elliptic, obtuse, 

 crenate, the terminal one several times longer than the lateral ones; panicles 

 1-4 dm. long, conspicuous ; calyx bladder-like, finally oblong-campanulate, 3 r 3.5 

 cm. long, glabrous; corolla reddish, twice as long as the calyx or shorter, its 

 lobes lanceolate or narrowly ovate, acute. 



Waste grounds near old dwellings, throughout the archipelago from Great 

 Bahama southward to Long Island : Bermuda ; Florida ; West Indies ; Mexico. 

 Probably a native of Asia. LIFE PLANT. 



2. KALANCHOE Adans. Fam. PI. 2: 248. 1763. 



Erect herbs, sometimes a little woody, with opposite leaves and panicled 

 flowers, often showy. Calyx 4-parted, shorter than the corolla. Corolla salver- 

 form, with a swollen tube and a spreading, 4-parted limb. Stamens usually 8, 

 ir 2 series on the corolla-tube, the filaments very short. Carpels 4, lanceolate, 

 adnate to the base of the corolla-tube; ovules many. Follicles many-seeded. 

 [Chinese name.] Twenty species or more, all but the following natives of 

 Asia and Africa. Type species: Cotyledon laciniata L. 



