CARDUACEAE. 457 



brous or sparingly pubescent; pappus of 2-4 subulate, spreading or reflexed 

 awns about 2 mm. long. 



Sandy and rocky soils, Acklin's, Mariguana, South Caicos, Ambergris Cay, Grand 

 Turk, Sand Cay, Inagua and Little Inagua : West Indies, east to Anegada, south to 

 Grenada ; Aruba ; Curagao ; continental tropical America. AWN-FRUITED PECTIS. 



32. NEUROLAENA E. Br. Trans. Linn. Soc. 12: 120. 1817. 



Tall shrubby perennials, with large alternate leaves, and numerous small 

 corymbose-paniculate heads of tubular yellow flowers, all perfect and fertile. 

 Involucre campanulate, its obtuse nerved bracts imbricated in 3 or 4 series. 

 Keceptacle nearly flat, with membranous 1-nerved scales which are early 

 deciduous. Corolla-tube slender, the limb somewhat expanded. Anthers sagit- 

 tate. Achenes narrowed at the base. Pappus of many capillary persistent, 

 somewhat unequal bristles. [Greek, referring to the nerved bracts.] Two 

 known species of tropical America, the following typical. 



1. Neurolaena lobata (L.) E. Br.; DC. Prodr. 6: 292. 1837. 

 Conyza lolata L. Sp. PI. 862. 1753. 



Stems somewhat woody, erect, usually much branched, 1.5-3 m. high, 

 appressed-pubescent and scabrous. Leaves lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 

 pubescent and scabrous, dentate, denticulate or variously lobed, acuminate at 

 the apex, narowed at the base, the lower up to 3 dm. long and petioled, the 

 upper much smaller, sessile or nearly so; corymbs terminal, often 8 cm. broad 

 or more; peduncles rather slender, bracted, pubescent; involucre 6-8 mm. 

 high, its bracts oblong, pubescent, 3-nerved, the outer shorter than the inner; 

 achenes pubescent; pappus brownish-white. 



Thickets at Red Bays, Andros : Cuba to St. Thomas and to Trinidad ; Jamaica ; 

 continental tropical America. 



33. EMILIA Cass. Bull. Soc. Philom. 1817: 68. 1817. 



Herbs, with alternate and basal, often clasping leaves, and long-peduncled, 

 solitary or loosely corymbose heads of pink, purple or orange, tubular, perfect 

 and fertile flowers. Involucre nearly cylindric, its bracts in a single equal 

 series. Receptacle flat, naked. Corolla-limb cylindric. Achenes nearly terete 

 or 5-angled. Pappus of numerous soft white capillary bristles. [Name unex- 

 plained.] About 5 species, natives of the Old World tropics. Type species: 

 Emilia flammea Cass. 



1. Emilia sonchifolia (L.) DC. Prodr. 6: 302. 1837. 

 Cacalia sonchifolia L. Sp. PL 835. 1753. 



Annual, glabrous, or somewhat pubescent below, usually branched, 2-7 

 dm. high. Basal and lower leaves petioled, sometimes 12 cm. long, obovate to 

 oblanceolate, repand-dentate to lyrate-pinnatifid, obtuse or acute at the apex; 

 upper leaves lanceolate, sessile, sagittate-clasping, dentate, lobed or entire; 

 heads loosely corymbose, many-flowered; peduncles very slender or filiform; 

 involucre 10-12 mm. high, its bracts linear-lanceolate, acute, at length re- 

 flexed; flowers rose, red or purple. 



Waste places in good so;l, Andros, New Providence, Eleuthera, Cat Island, Long 

 Island and North Caicos : Florida ; Bermuda ; West Indies and continental trop- 

 ical America. Naturalized from the East Indies. PURPLE EMILIA. 



30 



