r CONTENTS. 



A pretty Style. Religious Ideas of the Innuits. Their kindly Character. Treatment 

 of the Aged and Infirm. A Woman abandoned to die. Hall's Attempt to rescue her. 

 The Innuit Nomads, without any form of Government. Their Numbers Diminishing 

 A Sailor wanders away. Hall's Search for him. Finds him frozen to death. The Ship 

 free from Ice. Preparations to return. Reset in the Ice-pack. Another Arctic Winter. 

 Breaking up of the Ice. Departure for Home. Tookoolito and her Child "Butterfly." 

 Death of "Butterfly." Arrival at Home. Results qf Hall's Expedition. Innuit Tradi- 

 tions. Discovery of Frobisher Relics. Hall's Second Expedition, Page 433 



THE TEOPICAL WOELD. 



CHAPTER I. 



THE OCEAN AND ATMOSPHERE OF THE TROPICAL WORLD. 



Characteristics of the Polar and Tropical Worlds. Geographical and Climatic Limits of the 

 Zones. Distribution of Land and Water. Climatic Importance of the Ocean. Currents 

 of the Ocean. The Gulf Stream. Influence of the Gulf Stream upon the Climate of 

 Europe. The Sargasso Sea. Columbus and the Gulf Stream. The Pacific and Indian 

 Currents. Heat and Force. Relative Positions of Hot and Cold Currents. Currents of 

 the Air. The Trade Winds. Atmospheric Currents and Climate. The Calm Belt near 

 the Equator. Rainfall of Different Regions. Rainy and Dry Seasons within the Tropics. 

 The Monsoons. Winds as Regulators of Rains. Annual Rainfall. Whirlwinds. Their 

 Rotary Motion. Tropical Islands. Volcanic Islands. Coralline Islands. Atolls and 

 Reefs. Influence of the Ocean upon Life in the Tropical Islands, 471 



CHAPTER II. 



TABLE LANDS AND PLATEAUS OF THE TROPICAL WORLD. 



Influence of Elevation upon Climate. The Puna of Peru: Squier's Description of the Puna. 

 The Soroche or Veta. View from La Portada. Effects of the Soroche. The Sarumpe. 

 The Veruga Water. Effects of the Veta on Animals. Vegetation of the Puna. The 

 Llama. The Huanacu. The Alpaca. The Vicuna. Hunting the Vicuna. The Hunts 

 of the Ancient Incas. Enemies of the Vicuna. Other Native Animals. The Ox, Horse, 

 Mule and Sheep. Waterfowl. Warm Valleys. Rapid Change of Climate According to 

 Elevation. Lake Titicaca : The Sacred Island of Titicaca. Manco Capac, the First Inca. 

 His Journey from Lake Titicaca to Cuzco. Fact and Myth respecting Manco Capac. 

 Extent of the Inca Empire Inca Civilization originated in the Puna, near Lake Titi- 

 caca. The Sacred Rock on the Island. Ruins and Relics on the Island. The Hacienda 

 on the Island. The Eve of St. John. The Bath of the Incas. Other Sacred Islands. 

 Ruins at Tihuanico. Some more ancient than the Incas. Immense Monolithic Gateways 

 and Hewn Stones. Inca Civilization. The Great Military Roads. System of Posts and 

 Post-Stations. The Valley of Quito: Approach to the Valley from the Pacific Coast. A 

 Tropical Region Climbing the Cordillera. Scenes by the Way. Quito. Climate of the 

 Valley. Astronomical Site. Trees, Fruits, Vegetables, and Flowers. Animals. Birds. 

 Insects, Reptiles, and Fish. The Population of the Valley. Indians. Half-Breeds. 

 Whites. Courtesy of the People A Polite Message. Scenery of the Valley. Volca- 

 noes. Imbabura. Destruction of Otovalo. Cayamba. Guamani. Antisana. Sincho- 

 lagua. Cotopaxi. The Inca's Head. Tunguragua. Altar. Sangai. Its Perpetual Erup- 

 tion. Chimborazo. Caraguarizo. Illinza. Corazon. Pichincha. Its immense Crater. 

 Descent into the Crater. Eruptions of Pichincha. The Table-Land of Bogota: Voyage 



