438 THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



obey again. This impressed me with, the necessity of obeying, 

 but I did not see then, and can not now, any reason for it." 



5. We come now to the religious motive as the ground for 

 right doing. There are different kinds of answers here appeals 

 to fear and love, to Bible teachings and Bible warnings, to 

 terror of an avenging God, and to the wounded affection of a 

 personal friend and Saviour; sometimes one, and sometimes 

 a mixture of all. Certain of the practical ones among the 

 parents used, indeed, not only all these appeals, but pretty 

 much all the foregoing mentioned as well, evidently on the 

 principle that it is not possible to use too many inducements 

 toward morality, and that if one fails, another may hold. I shall 

 give one or two typical quotations illustrating each method. 

 First, of fear: "My mother told me, 'You must tell the truth, 

 for God knows all about it, for he is continually watching you, 

 and I certainly shall find out all about it/ This caused great 

 fear ; we thought of God as a powerful avenger, and also believed 

 that he communicated with our parents about our faults." Three 

 or four mention that the story of Ananias and Sapphira was 

 used with considerable effect. Second, of Biblical authority: 

 " I was taught that the Bible said that these things were right 

 and wrong, and that it must be so. I can not remember a time 

 when I did not think that it was wrong to break any of the ten 

 commandments, because they had been given by God in the 

 Bible." " When I asked the reason why I should not do certain 

 things, I was told that it was because they were forbidden in the 

 Bible." Third, of love: "I was taught that Jesus looked upon 

 me, just as my parents did ; that he was pleased when I did right, 

 and grieved when I did wrong, and that he had done so much for 

 me that I ought to be sorry to grieve him." " I was taught that 

 wrong acts grieved our Lord, and that he knew about them even 

 if no one else did ; also that he was pleased when I did any little 

 act of kindness to any one." Fourth, mixed cases : " I was brought 

 up in a distinctly Christian home. I was made to feel that certain 

 things were right and their opposites wrong ; was taught that 

 there is a God who sees and knows everything that I do ; that he 

 looked upon disobedience with an eye of displeasure ; the Bible 

 was taught from early infancy as a text-book of morals ; was made 

 to feel that not only would punishment result from wrongdoing, 

 but that both God and my parents were hurt by my wrongdoing. 

 The impression left on my mind was that certain things were 

 right and that God was the standard ; at first fear, awe, and rev- 

 erence were induced, with occasional feelings of rebellion ; the 

 general effect was to awaken respect for the right qualities, and 

 to make me consider* the right and wrong of things in my own 

 consciousness." " After the first lie which I remember, I was not 



