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PRACTICAL ARBORICULTURE 



This is nature's method of repro- 

 ducing a forest of catalpa: When a 

 tree is felled, a shoot from the stump, 

 having the force of the entire root sys- 

 tem, quickly springs up into a tall, 

 strong branchless stem, in a few years 

 becoming a full-grown tree. 



Following after nature's method, 

 we recommend the development of a 

 strong root system, regardless of the 

 irregular growth of the top during 

 two or three years, .after which the 

 stem may be cut off at or near the 

 ground while the tree is dormant. 



The upright stem results : all sur- 

 plus shoots that start should be re- 

 moved, leaving but one, the strongest. 



The distance 14x14 feet seems to 

 be the most satisfactory for a perma- 

 nent plantation 222 trees per acre. 

 But in order to occupy the ground, 

 prevent injury by winds and properly 

 shade the ground, four times as 

 many trees are planted, or 7x7 feet, 

 being 888 trees to the acre. 



As soon as these have attained a 

 suitable size, in seven to ten years, 

 the temporary trees are removed and 

 used for fence posts, mine timbers 

 and other uses. 



The rapidity of growth will de- 

 pend upon the character of soil, 

 length of season, cultivation given 

 during the first three years, and 

 moisture obtainable. 



Shade and forest conditions, so 

 called, secured at the expense of root 

 vitality, will not compensate for loss 

 of vigor and absence of good culti- 

 vation during the first three years. 

 After first year cultivation should be 

 very shallow with harrow. 



Branches of catalpa are very persist- 

 ent. They do not fall away when dead, 

 but remain as dead pins. Each annual growth of new wood encloses them until, 

 as the tree becomes mature, these dry sticks lead from the heart of the tree to its 



ONE OF THE CATALPA TREES EXHIBITED 



AT THE WORLD'S FAIR. ST. LOUIS. 



HEIGHT, 10 FEET 



