40 PRACTICAL FOREST MANAGEMENT. 



The war illustrated the supreme advantages of an indigenous 

 resin industry, and at a time when .rosin and turpentine were 

 practicably unobtainable from America and France, the Bhowali 

 and Jallo distilleries were the salvation of local industries and 

 munition works. 



The working results of the Resin Industry in the United 

 Provinces since 1908 show : 



(1) that the total gross revenue obtained = 64 lakhs. 

 (2) That the expenditure (excluding capital expenditure on 

 distillery and plant) has been Ks. 50 lakhs. 



Of this total the amount of money spent in Kumaun itself, 

 chiefly among the poorer villagers who form the tapping gangs, 

 and the cartmen who carry the resin, has exceeded 30 lakhs in 

 the last 10 years, i.e., an average of 3 lakhs per annum. Kumaun 

 is a poor district and this sum (which exceeds the total land 

 revenue of the hill pattis of Almora and Naini Tal districts), 

 distributed regularly every year among the poorer inhabitants 

 has proved a great boon and undoubtedly the resin industry 

 in' Kumaun has chiefly benefitted the local residents. The 

 incendiary fires of 1921 have however done enormous damage to 

 the pine forests and the resin industry, and it is a pitiful com- 

 mentary on the effects of political agitation that it should result 

 in such wanton damage to an industry which is so helpful and 

 advantageous to the people apart from any profit3 realised by 

 Government. 



The resin industry appears for the present to have passed its 

 zenith. Unlike most industries the larger the scale of operations 

 the greater the total cost per maund of output, because a larger 

 output involves an everwidening range of tapping operations and 

 therefore increased cost of cartage and delivery at distillery site. 

 Partly due to this factor and partly due to ever rising cost of 

 labour, tools and carting, the cost of tapping and carriage per 

 maund of crude resin has increased from Ee. 1-9-0 per maund in. 



