126 PRACTICAL FOREST MANAGEMENT. 



-trees, walnut and ash will be substituted for the inferior trees now 

 cumbering the ground, and the resultant crop will, it is hoped, be 

 one in which all species are represented, each growing in that 

 ; portion of the forest most suited to its individual requhements 

 all together growing up to form an even-aged fully stocked wood, 

 putting on the maximum annual increment and, when mature 

 yielding a revenue per acre far in excess of anything contemplated 

 in the past. 



' The silviculture of the deodar has received the most earnest 

 attention for many years past, and during the last seven years 

 continual thought has been bestowed on the most suitable method 

 of obtaining regeneration, and the peculiarities and requirements 

 of this tree from the germination of the seed until the establish- 

 ment of the young crop. On north, north-east, and north-west 

 aspects at ordinary elevations experience has shown that for 

 deodar the ordinary seeding felling, leaving the mother trees 

 equally spaced at an approximate distance of 50 feet will give the 

 most excellent results. The espacement must of course vary 

 according to the size of the mother trees and the aspect dealt with, 

 and this can only be rightly attained by the eye of experience. 

 Two diametrically opposite considerations have to be compromised : 

 (1) the necessity for retaining sufficient trees to keep down the 

 growth of weeds and to produce an ample crop of seed, at the same 

 time sheltering the young growth ; and (2) the necessity of 

 removing all cover not absolutely necessary, so that the subsequent 

 fellings of the overwood will do as little damage as possible to the 

 young regeneration. On south, south-east, and south-west aspects 

 the difficulty of obtaining regeneration is much increased and 

 on these aspects the necessity of side shade to the young plant 

 must be kept in view. The case of the Dhamsu Kalaun forest has 

 clearly demonstrated the necessity for side shade in the case 

 of these sunny aspects. The profuse deodar regeneration existing 

 throughout the spring and summer of 1915 has largely disappeared 

 ..from situations devoid of side shade, while where this assistance 



