APPENDIX. XXXIX 



of the oaks germinate on the trees or immediately they fall to 

 the ground and must be sown at once. Other seeds ripen during 

 the winter and hot weather and do not germinate till the break of 

 the rains. Tiiese should be sown either before the break of the 

 rains or immediately after the first rain. Deodar seed can be sown 

 either in autumn or very early spring, sowings of kail and spruce 

 need not be made till the following June. Ghir seed is sown in 

 June after soaking the seed in water. " In temperate climates 

 were it not for the danger of being destroyed either by animal 

 life or by adverse climatic conditions while lying on the ground 

 over winter, direct seeding in the autumn would be acceptable 

 for all autumn maturing seeds. All species which naturally 

 germinate in the spring can be sown either in the autumn or the 

 spring. Seeds which can be easily stored with little danger of 

 deterioration and at small cost are sown in most localities in the 

 early spring. Because of their rapid deterioration when stored, 

 birch, alder and fir seeds are often sown in the autumn." 



(5) Planting. 



In planting work several factors influence the degree of success 

 obtained. The more adverse the local conditions of soil and 

 climate the greater must be the attention devoted to the protection 

 of the site and the establishment of the plantation. 



(1) The size and age uf planting material. 



The planting stock will usually consist of nursery raised seed- 

 lings or transplants as planting wild stock is generally unsatisfac- 

 tory and these wild plants are usually no cheaper than nursery 

 stock. It should be a rule to use the smallest stock which will 

 succeed on the site to be planted. The chief advantages which 

 result from the use of small stock are as follows : 



(1) It is usually much less expensive. 



(2) The cost of handling and planting is considerably less. 



