xl INTRODUCTION. 



note down whether such bones were found in loose soil, in solid rock, or in 

 caverns. 



It will be interesting to ascertain what mines, quarries, or caverns exist, 

 where the different metals, coal, salt, slate, limestone, &c. are found, and if 

 worked, in what manner. 



It will be desirable to note down the distance of the mountains or hills on 

 both sides of the Congo, their height, from conjecture, when no means offer for 

 their measurement, their form, which of the sides are steepest, how their strata 

 are disposed, how much they dip, and in what direction ; whether they disappear 

 by dipping under the soil, or by the intersection of valleys. 



It wiU also be desirable to note down all the places where two rocks of a 

 different nature may be seen in contact, and to what extent each may be traced. 



And for your further assistance in this interesting subject, a printed copy 

 of geological inquiries, published by the Geological Society, accompanies these 

 instructions. 



Mr. Tudor, the Compai-ative Anatomist, is directed by his instructions, to ex- 

 amine the structure and habits of all new and uncommon animals, and it will 

 therefore be desirable that he should always accompany the collector of objects 

 of natural liistory, when detached, either on the river or on shore. 



One portion of his collection, consisting of the Internal parts of animals, and 

 of the smaller animals in an entire state, will be required to be preserved 

 in spirits, but of these he is not to preserve more than triplicates of each 

 specimen. 



The external parts of animals, as their skulls, skins, feet, &c. he is directed to 

 preserve in a dry state, and the specimens of each, as before, not to exceed three 

 in number. 



Any preparations he may have made at the time of the departure of the 

 transport from the Zaire, you are to send home, along with a copy of his jour- 

 nal. In that transjwrt. 



Mr. Cranch, Collector of objects of natural history, by his instructions, is 

 directed to commence his operations on the voyage outwards ; to fish up out of 

 the sea, by a dipping net from the chains, and by such other means as may be 

 most likely to succeed, whatever sea-weeds or animals may float alongside, par- 

 ticularly of the class of mollusca, which he is directed to preserve in spirit, and 

 to send home by the transport on her return from the Zaire. 



On the progress of the expedition up the Zaire, he is instructed to collect all 

 unknown fishes, shells, and Crustacea, insects and reptiles, birds, beasts, am- 

 phibia, and in short, whatever may occur in the animal kingdom, which he is 



