Part II.] IMPROVEMENT OF LIVE STOCK. 95 



Mr. Hayne. Is it good grazing land? 



A Member. It can be made into good grazing land. 



Mr. Hayne. Can't you sell beef cattle here? 



A Member. Yes, for about half what it is worth. We've no 

 market for beef cattle here; they've all gone out west. 



Mr. Hayne. If you positively can't sell them for what they 

 are worth I wouldn't grow them. 



A Member. I w^ant to know if we do grow them how can 

 we sell them. 



Mr. Hayne. It seems to me that you can pay transporta- 

 tion on all your beef to places where it will be sold, if you would 

 rather do that than create a market for your beef at home. 

 The place to grow beef is on cheap land where you can grow it 

 very largely with grass. There's one thing sure though, and 

 you'll find it as the country grows older, that the dairy business 

 is taking the place of raising beef cattle. I know that's true in 

 Iowa, where they used to furnish so much of our beef. Of 

 course, there'll be a place for the beef herd, no doubt of that, 

 and men who will stick to the beef business will somehow or 

 other manage to make money out of it. 



A Member. Isn't it true that one of the largest troubles and 

 one of the dangers is this, that the words "pure bred" are often 

 applied to common scrub animals, and there is no gain to be had 

 from purchasing them? 



Mr. Hayne. You mean by that just what we undertook to 

 discuss a while ago, — recording animals that weren't really fit 

 to be recorded. Uneducated buyers — the same as that young 

 man who bought the stallion — who buy just because of family 

 name will often get a lot of scrub animals. They don't raise the 

 average at all. That pedigree wants to be more than just a 

 string of names on a piece of paper with a certificate of registra- 

 tion attached; it wants to show that that animal had family 

 history, — had ancestry that had real worth and came down to 

 us through flocks of honest men, and then we want the animal 

 to have the individuality himself to match up with it. Let me 

 just call your attention, however, to the fact that the breeding 

 and the selection, as I have already indicated, will not get very 

 far without the care and feeding with it. That's the way we've 



