Another great object of the farmer should be to restrict 

 the expenses of his farming establishment ; to cut off all un- 

 necessary expenditures ; and to apply his produce, as far as it 

 is consumed on the farm, in the most frugal manner. The 

 cooking of much of the food of his domestic animals increases 

 its nutritive powers ; and causes it to spend to much more ad- 

 vantage. The cutting of fodder for his horses and neat cattle 

 is of great utility, and will effect a saving, as the most exact 

 experiments have shown, of more than one quarter. The pre- 

 ference of ox labor over horse labor deserves his particular at- 

 tention. The keeping of a horse is a great expense separate 

 from the accidents to which he is exposed ; and in most res- 

 pects the patient ox has greatly the advantage over him, espe- 

 cially as the former is an improving and the latter always a 

 deteriorating capital. 



The crops to which the farmer may to most advantage devote 

 his cultivation will deserve his particular consideration. In- 

 dian corn, of which I have not a doubt the crops in this part 

 of the country may be easily doubled, is a most valuable pro- 

 duct. I congratulate the farmers upon the favorable prospects, 

 which now present themselves in regard to the cultivation of 

 wheat. The two last years have presented extraordinary en- 

 couragements, and by proper management, and especially by 

 early sowing, success in this cultivation becomes highly proba- 

 ble. 



The establishment of extensive manufactories, and the in- 

 troduction of power-looms and spinning-jennies, has nearly de- 

 stroyed the usual household manufactures, and put our other 

 Jennies out of employment. Our ears are seldom greeted 

 now a days in the farmer's cottage with the flying of the shut- 

 tle, or the deep base of the spinning wheel. We confess that 

 we have looked upon their departure with a strong feeling of 



of Philadelphia, a gentleman of distinguished scientific attainments, adver- 

 tises, for farmers, his " steam ploughs, by which six furrows are ploughed 

 at once; and he promises in one day to perform the work of a week in the 

 best manner." Of their construction or operation I have no idea. 



